élever

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See also: elever

French

Etymology

From é- +‎ lever, or borrowed from Latin ēlevāre.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /el.ve/, /ɛl.ve/
  • audio(file)

Verb

élever

  1. to raise
  2. to bring up
  3. to elevate, to enhance
  4. (reflexive, of a voice) to be heard, to rise
  5. (reflexive) to rise, to soar

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like parler, except the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-, as in the third-person singular present indicative il élève and the third-person singular future indicative il élèvera.

Conjugation of élever (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple élever
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple élevant
/el.vɑ̃/ or /ɛl.vɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle élevé
/el.ve/ or /ɛl.ve/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present élève
/e.lɛv/ 		élèves
/e.lɛv/ 		élève
/e.lɛv/ 		élevons
/el.vɔ̃/ or /ɛl.vɔ̃/ 		élevez
/el.ve/ or /ɛl.ve/ 		élèvent
/e.lɛv/
imperfect élevais
/el.vɛ/ or /ɛl.vɛ/ 		élevais
/el.vɛ/ or /ɛl.vɛ/ 		élevait
/el.vɛ/ or /ɛl.vɛ/ 		élevions
/e.lə.vjɔ̃/ 		éleviez
/e.lə.vje/ 		élevaient
/el.vɛ/ or /ɛl.vɛ/
past historic2 élevai
/el.ve/ or /ɛl.ve/ 		élevas
/el.va/ or /ɛl.va/ 		éleva
/el.va/ or /ɛl.va/ 		élevâmes
/el.vam/ or /ɛl.vam/ 		élevâtes
/el.vat/ or /ɛl.vat/ 		élevèrent
/el.vɛʁ/ or /ɛl.vɛʁ/
future élèverai
/e.lɛ.vʁe/ or /e.le.vʁe/ 		élèveras
/e.lɛ.vʁa/ or /e.le.vʁa/ 		élèvera
/e.lɛ.vʁa/ or /e.le.vʁa/ 		élèverons
/e.lɛ.vʁɔ̃/ or /e.le.vʁɔ̃/ 		élèverez
/e.lɛ.vʁe/ or /e.le.vʁe/ 		élèveront
/e.lɛ.vʁɔ̃/ or /e.le.vʁɔ̃/
conditional élèverais
/e.lɛ.vʁɛ/ or /e.le.vʁɛ/ 		élèverais
/e.lɛ.vʁɛ/ or /e.le.vʁɛ/ 		élèverait
/e.lɛ.vʁɛ/ or /e.le.vʁɛ/ 		élèverions
/e.lɛ.və.ʁjɔ̃/ or /e.le.və.ʁjɔ̃/ 		élèveriez
/e.lɛ.və.ʁje/ or /e.le.və.ʁje/ 		élèveraient
/e.lɛ.vʁɛ/ or /e.le.vʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present élève
/e.lɛv/ 		élèves
/e.lɛv/ 		élève
/e.lɛv/ 		élevions
/e.lə.vjɔ̃/ 		éleviez
/e.lə.vje/ 		élèvent
/e.lɛv/
imperfect2 élevasse
/el.vas/ or /ɛl.vas/ 		élevasses
/el.vas/ or /ɛl.vas/ 		élevât
/el.va/ or /ɛl.va/ 		élevassions
/el.va.sjɔ̃/ or /ɛl.va.sjɔ̃/ 		élevassiez
/el.va.sje/ or /ɛl.va.sje/ 		élevassent
/el.vas/ or /ɛl.vas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — élève
/e.lɛv/ 		— élevons
/el.vɔ̃/ or /ɛl.vɔ̃/ 		élevez
/el.ve/ or /ɛl.ve/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

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