þes

Middle English

Alternative forms

• thes

Etymology 1

From Old English þēs, þēos, þis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /θeːs/, /ðeːs/, /ˈθeːz(ə)/, /ˈðeːz(ə)/

Determiner

þes

1. these

Alternative forms

• þese, þece, þez, þeze, þeis, þeise, þis, þise, þeys, þeyse, þys, þyse, dese, dyse, þiȝe, þyȝe, tys, yece, yese, yesse, yeis, yeys, yeise, yeyse, yeus, yhese, yise, yisse, yies, yiese, ȝese, ȝeyse, ȝise, ȝyse
• þies, þiese, þyes, þyese (Northern); þiez, yes, yis, þyez (East Anglia); þeos, þeose (West Midland); þeos, þeose (Southwest Midland); þæs (early Southwest Midland); þeus, þeuse, þus, þuse (Southwest)
• tes (Early Middle English, following t); teos (early Southwest, following d)

Pronoun

þes

1. these

Alternative forms

• þese, þesse, þez, þeis, þeise, þis, þise, þies, þiese, þiez, þeys, þeyse, þys, þyse, þyes, þyese, þyez
• þeos, þeose, þuse, þeus, þues (Southwest)
• þeos, þeose, þuse (Southwest Midland)

Descendants

• English: these
• Middle Scots: thais, thois, theis

References

• “thēs(e, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “thēs(e, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

Determiner

þes

1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of þas (“the, that, this”)

Pronoun

þes

1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of þas (“of that, of this”)

Etymology 3

Determiner

þes

1. Alternative form of þis (“this”)

Pronoun

þes

1. Alternative form of þis (“this”)

Adverb

þes

1. Alternative form of þis (“this”)

Old English

Etymology

From West Germanic, the base being *þes-, from Proto-Germanic *þat.

Cognate with Old Frisian thīs, Old High German dese, Old Norse þessi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /θeːs/

Determiner

þēs (demonstrative)

1. this

Pronoun

þēs (demonstrative)

1. this

Declension

In later language the feminine genitive, dative, and instrumental singular is also þissere, þisre, and the genitive plural is also þissera, þisra.

References