život

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Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech život, from Proto-Slavic *životъ (compare Old Church Slavonic животъ (životŭ), Russian живот (život), Serbo-Croatian život), probably from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wo-teh₂ (compare Lithuanian gyvatà (“life”), Sanskrit जीवित (jīvitá), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬊 (gaiio, “life”) (accusative 𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬙𐬎𐬨 (jiiātum))), Ancient Greek βῐ́οτος (bíotos), Latin vīta, Old Irish bethu, bethad, Welsh bywyd), ultimately from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”), compare *gʷih₃wós (“alive”). Related to žít (“to live”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ži‧vot

Noun

život m inan (related adjective životní)

  1. life
    běžný život ― ordinary life, regular life

Declension

Declension of život (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative život životy
genitive života životů
dative životu životům
accusative život životy
vocative živote životy
locative životě životech
instrumental životem životy

Derived terms

adjectives
adverb
nouns

Further reading

  • “život”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “život”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “život”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *životъ, probably from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wo-teh₂, ultimately from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈʒiʋot/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈʒivot/

Noun

život m inan

  1. life

Declension

Declension of život (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative život životy životi, životové
genitive života, životu životú životóv
dative životu životoma životóm
accusative život životy životy
vocative živote životy životi, životové
locative životě, životu životú životiech
instrumental životem životoma životy
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants

  • Czech: život

Further reading

Serbo-Croatian

Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sh

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *životъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʒǐʋot/
  • Hyphenation: ži‧vot

Noun

žìvot m (Cyrillic spelling жѝвот)

  1. life

Declension

Declension of život
singular plural
nominative žìvot živòti
genitive živòta živótā
dative živòtu živòtima
accusative žìvot živòte
vocative žȉvote živòti / žȉvoti
locative živòtu živòtima
instrumental živòtom živòtima

Slovak

Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *životъ (compare Old Church Slavonic животъ (životŭ), Russian живот (život), Serbo-Croatian život), probably from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wo-teh₂ (compare Lithuanian gyvatà (“life”)). Related to žiť (“to live”).

Pronunciation

Noun

život m inan

  1. life
    Antonym: smrť

Declension

Declension of život
singular plural
nominative život životy
genitive života životov
dative životu životom
accusative život životy
locative živote životoch
instrumental životom životmi

Derived terms

Further reading

  • “život”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
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