Αἴας

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Ancient Greek

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Etymology

From earlier Αἴϝᾱς (Aíwās) of uncertain further origin, compare Etruscan 𐌀𐌉𐌅𐌀𐌔 (aivas). Compare also Proto-Hellenic *aiweí from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“vital energy, life”)

Pronunciation

 

Proper noun

Αἴᾱς • (Aíās) m (genitive Αἴᾰντος); third declension

  1. a male given name, equivalent to English Ajax
    • Διονύσιος ὁ Θρᾷξ (Dionysius Thrax 170‑90 BCE), Τέχνη Γραμματική §14 (The Art of Grammar, §14) English translation (1874) by Thomas Davidson
      Ὁμώνυμον δέ ἐστιν ὄνομα τὸ κατὰ πολλῶν ὁμωνύμως τιθέμενον, οἷον ἐπὶ μὲν κυρίων, ὡς Αἴας ὁ Τελαμώνιος καὶ Αἴας ὁ Ἰλέως
      Homṓnumon dé estin ónoma tò katà pollôn homōnúmōs tithémenon, hoîon epì mèn kuríōn, hōs Aías ho Telamṓnios kaì Aías ho Iléōs
      A Homonym is a noun predicated homonymously of many things, as of proper nouns, e.g. Telamonian Aias, Oïlean Aias
      They are: Aias, son of Telamon, ruler of Salamis and Aias, son of Oileus, ruler of Locris

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ Αἴᾱς; τοῦ Αἴᾰντος (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ Αἴᾱς
ho Aíās 		τὼ Αἴᾰντε
tṑ Aíante 		οἱ Αἴᾰντες
hoi Aíantes
Genitive τοῦ Αἴᾰντος
toû Aíantos 		τοῖν Αἰᾰ́ντοιν
toîn Aiántoin 		τῶν Αἰᾰ́ντων
tôn Aiántōn
Dative τῷ Αἴᾰντῐ
tôi Aíanti 		τοῖν Αἰᾰ́ντοιν
toîn Aiántoin 		τοῖς Αἴᾱσῐ / Αἴᾱσῐν
toîs Aíāsi(n)
Accusative τὸν Αἴᾰντᾰ
tòn Aíanta 		τὼ Αἴᾰντε
tṑ Aíante 		τοὺς Αἴᾰντᾰς
toùs Aíantas
Vocative Αἶᾰν
Aîan 		Αἴᾰντε
Aíante 		Αἴᾰντες
Aíantes
Notes:
Third declension of Αἴᾱς; Αἴᾰντος (Epic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative Αἴᾱς
Aíās 		Αἴᾰντε
Aíante 		Αἴᾰντες
Aíantes
Genitive Αἴᾰντος
Aíantos 		Αἰᾰ́ντοιῐν
Aiántoiin 		Αἰᾰ́ντων
Aiántōn
Dative Αἴᾰντῐ
Aíanti 		Αἰᾰ́ντοιῐν
Aiántoiin 		Αἴᾱσῐ / Αἴᾱσῐν / Αἰᾰ́ντεσσῐ / Αἰᾰ́ντεσσῐν / Αἰᾰ́ντεσῐ / Αἰᾰ́ντεσῐν
Aíāsi(n) / Aiántessi(n) / Aiántesi(n)
Accusative Αἴᾰντᾰ
Aíanta 		Αἴᾰντε
Aíante 		Αἴᾰντᾰς
Aíantas
Vocative Αἶᾰν
Aîan 		Αἴᾰντε
Aíante 		Αἴᾰντες
Aíantes
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

  • Greek: Αίας (Aías)
  • → Latin: Aiāx

Further reading

  • “Αἴας”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “Αἴας”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “Αἴας”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • Αἴας in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
  • “Αἴας”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,000
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