έχω

See also: ἔχω

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἔχω (ékhō, “to have”). Cognate with Mariupol Greek э́ху (éxu).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈexo/
Audio (file)
Hyphenation: έ‧χω

Verb

έχω • (écho) (imperfect είχα, past είχα, passive —)

to have/hold, in the sense of holding (in one's possession) (a ) property
Έχω αυτοκίνητο ― Écho aftokínito ― I have a car

Έχω πονοκέφαλο ― Écho ponokéfalo ― I have a headache

Μήπως έχεις ένα στυλό; ― Mípos écheis éna styló? ― Do you have a pen?

Έχω άδεια διαμονής ― Écho ádeia diamonís ― I hold/have a residence permit

Έχω άδεια οδήγησης ― Écho ádeia odígisis ― I hold/have a driver's license
to be (have/hold a property, characteristic)
Έχει κρύο σήμερα. ― Échei krýo símera. ― It is cold today.
to feel, have feelings
Τι έχεις; Γιατί κλαις; ― Ti écheis; Giatí klais? ― What's with you? Why are you crying? (literally, “What do you have?”)
(grammar, auxiliary verb) to have +verbs (or participles) to form perfect tenses.
έχω διαβάσει ― écho diavásei ― I have read

Usage notes

Passive voice forms (έχομαι (ékhomai)) exist only as second combining forms in compounds, e.g. κατέχομαι (katéchomai, “owned, possessed”)

Conjugation

Audio: present indicative (file)

imperfect (file)

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έχω

	Active voice ➤ — Imperfective aspect ➤
Indicative mood ➤	Present ➤	Imperfect ➤	Future ➤
1 sg	έχω	είχα	θα έχω
2 sg	έχεις	είχες	θα έχεις
3 sg	έχει	είχε	θα έχει

1 pl	έχουμε, [έχομε]	είχαμε	θα έχουμε, [θα έχομε]
2 pl	έχετε	είχατε	θα έχετε
3 pl	έχουν, (έχουνε)	είχαν, (είχανε)	θα έχουν, (θα έχουνε)


Subjunctive mood ➤	Formed using present tense from above with a particle (να, ας).

Imperative mood ➤	2 sg	2 pl
Imperfective aspect	έχε	έχετε

Other forms	Present participle ➤
	έχοντας¹ ➤


Notes Appendix:Greek verbs	1. Also, archaic active present participle: ο {έχων}, η {έχουσα}, το {έχον} • (…) optional or informal. rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive.

Derived terms

αντέχω (antécho, “withstand”)
απέχω (apécho, “I am distant from”)
διακατέχω (diakatécho, “I am in the grip of a feeling”)
εισέχω (eisécho, “I introvert”)
εμπεριέχω (emperiécho, “contain”)
ενέχω (enécho, “contain, hide within”)
εξέχω (exécho, “stand out”)
επέχω (epécho, “hold, serve as”)
έχοντες m pl (échontes, “the ones who have, the rich”)
έχων (échon, “one who has”, participle)
κατέχοντες m pl (katéchontes, “the ones who own, the rich”)
κατέχω (katécho, “to possess”)
μετέχω (metécho, “to participate”)
παραέχω (paraécho, “have too much of”)
παρέχω (parécho, “give, offer”)
περιέχω (periécho, “I contain”)
προέχω (proécho, “I am important”)
προκάτοχος m (prokátochos, “predecessor”)
προσέχω (prosécho, “pay attention”)
συμμετέχω (symmetécho, “participate”)
συνέχω (synécho, “hold together, possess”)
υπερέχω (yperécho, “surpass, I am better than”)

Phrases, proverbs:

έχω τα μάτια μου δεκατέσσερα (écho ta mátia mou dekatéssera, “be on the alert”)

έχω

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