αζο

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Bactrian

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *ajám (I), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *aȷ́ʰám (I), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵh₂óm (I), later variant of Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (I). Compare Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬇𐬨 (azə̄m, I), Old Persian 𐎠𐎭𐎶 (a-d-m /⁠adam⁠/, I). Cognate of Sanskrit अहम् (aham, I).

Pronunciation

Pronoun

αζο (azo /az/) (first person direct, plural μαχο)

  1. (first person singular personal pronoun) I
    • 342 CE, Dated Document Α (Corpus of Bactrian Texts), lines 12–13:
      ...ιθαυατανο ληρηιο αζο βαγοφαρνo αβο μασκο νοβιχτισο ζινο κιδο ραλικο ναμο ασνωυο ασνωυογωγγο...
      ...so that I, Bag-farn, may treat the woman described herein, who is named Ralik, as a daughter-in-law, like a daughter-in-law (should be treated)...

Usage notes

  • αζο (azo) can be attached to a conjunction like an enclitic pronoun.
  • The enclitic form -μαγο (-mago /⁠-mag⁠/) is only used after prepositions.[1]

Declension

full enclitic
direct αζο (azo /⁠az⁠/) -μο (-mo /⁠-m⁠/)
oblique μανο (mano /⁠man⁠/) -μο (-mo /⁠-m⁠/), -μαγο (-mago /⁠-mag⁠/)

References

  1. ^ Gholami, Saloumeh (2014) Selected Features of Bactrian Grammar (Göttinger Orientforschungen, III. Reihe: Iranica. Neue Folge; 12)‎, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 99–105

Further reading

  • Sims-Williams, Nicholas (2000) Bactrian Documents from Northern Afghanistan (Studies in the Khalili Collection III, Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum II), Oxford: Nour Foundation in association with Azimuth Editions and Oxford University Press, page 32