γλεῦκος

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See also: γλεύκος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *dléukus, from Proto-Indo-European *dléwkus. Related to Mycenaean Greek 𐀆𐀩𐀄𐀒 (de-re-u-ko /⁠dleukos⁠/) and Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡlêu̯.kos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡlew.kos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣleɸ.kos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣlef.kos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈɣlef.kos/

Noun

γλεῦκος • (gleûkos) n (genitive γλεύκους or γλεύκεος); third declension

sweet new wine, must
- 1st century, Acts 2:13:
  Ἕτεροι δὲ διαχλευάζοντες ἔλεγον ὅτι Γλεύκους μεμεστωμένοι εἰσίν.
  Héteroi dè diakhleuázontes élegon hóti Gleúkous memestōménoi eisín.
  But others, mocking, said "These men are full of new wine".
(Can we find and add a quotation of Sammlung der griechischen Dialekt-Inschriften to this entry?)

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- circa AD 80–90, The New Testament in the original Greek (1885), Πράξεις τῶν Ἀποστόλων 2:13:
  ἕτεροι δὲ διαχλευάζοντες ἔλεγον ὅτι Γλεύκους μεμεστωμένοι εἰσίν.
  Others, mocking, said, “They are filled with new wine.” ― translation from: World English Bible (rev. of 1901 ed.), Acts 2:13
1. grape juice
  - (Can we find and add a quotation of Galen to this entry?)
sweetness
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Declension

Third declension of τὸ γλεῦκος; τοῦ γλεύκους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ γλεῦκος tò gleûkos	τὼ γλεύκει tṑ gleúkei	τᾰ̀ γλεύκη tà gleúkē
Genitive	τοῦ γλεύκους toû gleúkous	τοῖν γλευκοῖν toîn gleukoîn	τῶν γλευκῶν tôn gleukôn
Dative	τῷ γλεύκει tôi gleúkei	τοῖν γλευκοῖν toîn gleukoîn	τοῖς γλεύκεσῐ / γλεύκεσῐν toîs gleúkesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ γλεῦκος tò gleûkos	τὼ γλεύκει tṑ gleúkei	τᾰ̀ γλεύκη tà gleúkē
Vocative	γλεῦκος gleûkos	γλεύκει gleúkei	γλεύκη gleúkē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. There also exists a Doric genitive singular in γλεύκιος.

Descendants

French: glucose
- English: glucose
- Russian: глюкоза (gljukoza)
Greek: γλεύκος (gléfkos)

Further reading

“γλεῦκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“γλεῦκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
γλεῦκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
γλεῦκος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
G1098 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
γλεῦκος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften

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