εἴπερ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Strengthened form of εἰ (ei, “if”)

Pronunciation

Conjunction

εἴπερ • (eíper)

1. if really, if indeed, even if, even though
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.25
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 7.117
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.167
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.35
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.225
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 198
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 312A
   • 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 182C
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.81
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1249
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, The Statesman 275E
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.20
   • 331 CE – 363 CE, Julian, Orations 216B
2. (in Attic, to imply that the supposition agrees with the fact, with the imperfect it implies that it is contrary to the fact)
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.14
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 312

References

• “εἴπερ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “εἴπερ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “εἴπερ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• εἴπερ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• εἴπερ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “εἴπερ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1512 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • if idem, page 414.