θαιρός

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Beekes, a technical term, which Brugmann derived from Proto-Hellenic *tʰwaryós, itself from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- (“door”). Compare θύρα (thúra, “door”).[1]

On the other hand, Lubotsky and Mayrhofer derive the term from Proto-Indo-European *dʰurh₁- (“chariot pole”), and compare it with Hittite (tūrii̯a-, “to harness”), Sanskrit धुर् (dhur, “yoke, pole”), and perhaps Tocharian A tursko (“draught ox”).[2][3] Given the similarity in form and, to some extent, meaning between the two proto-Indo-European forms, it is possible they are connected.

Pronunciation

 

Noun

θαιρός • (thairós) m (genitive θαιροῦ); second declension

  1. pivot of a door or gate
  2. axle of a chariot

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ θαιρός; τοῦ θαιροῦ (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ θαιρός
ho thairós 		τὼ θαιρώ
tṑ thairṓ 		οἱ θαιροί
hoi thairoí
Genitive τοῦ θαιροῦ
toû thairoû 		τοῖν θαιροῖν
toîn thairoîn 		τῶν θαιρῶν
tôn thairôn
Dative τῷ θαιρῷ
tôi thairôi 		τοῖν θαιροῖν
toîn thairoîn 		τοῖς θαιροῖς
toîs thairoîs
Accusative τὸν θαιρόν
tòn thairón 		τὼ θαιρώ
tṑ thairṓ 		τοὺς θαιρούς
toùs thairoús
Vocative θαιρέ
thairé 		θαιρώ
thairṓ 		θαιροί
thairoí
Notes:

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Arabic: تِرْس (tirs)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 529
  2. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 794
  3. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 173

Further reading

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