κανών

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. Generally connected with κάννα (kánna, “reed”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.nɔ̌ːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kaˈnon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kaˈnon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kaˈnon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kaˈnon/

Noun

κᾰνών • (kanṓn) m (genitive κᾰνόνος); third declension

rod, pole, bar
rods used in shields
type of rod used in weaving
measuring rod, carpenter's rule, plumb line, level
(music) monochord
something to judge by, rule, norm, general principle
model, paradigm
tax assessment, tax, tariff
(music) qanun

Declension

Third declension of ὁ κᾰνών; τοῦ κᾰνόνος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κᾰνών ho kanṓn	τὼ κᾰνόνε tṑ kanóne	οἱ κᾰνόνες hoi kanónes
Genitive	τοῦ κᾰνόνος toû kanónos	τοῖν κᾰνόνοιν toîn kanónoin	τῶν κᾰνόνων tôn kanónōn
Dative	τῷ κᾰνόνῐ tôi kanóni	τοῖν κᾰνόνοιν toîn kanónoin	τοῖς κᾰνόσῐ / κᾰνόσῐν toîs kanósi(n)
Accusative	τὸν κᾰνόνᾰ tòn kanóna	τὼ κᾰνόνε tṑ kanóne	τοὺς κᾰνόνᾰς toùs kanónas
Vocative	κᾰνών kanṓn	κᾰνόνε kanóne	κᾰνόνες kanónes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

κᾰνονῐ́ζω (kanonízō)
κᾰνονῐκός (kanonikós)
κανονίσματα (kanonísmata)

Descendants

Greek: κανόνας (kanónas)
→ Arabic: قَانُون (qānūn) (see there for further descendants)
→ Aramaic:
Classical Syriac: ܩܢܘܢܐ (qānōnāʾ), ܟܢܘܢܬܐ (kənūntāʾ)
→ English: kanon
→ Georgian: კანონი (ḳanoni)
→ Hebrew: קָנוֹן (qānôn)
→ Latin: canōn (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Armenian: կանոն (kanon)
- Armenian: կանոն (kanon)
→ Romanian: canon
→ Russian: кану́н (kanún), кано́н (kanón)

Further reading

“κανών”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κανών”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“κανών”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
κανών in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
κανών in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
G2583 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- carpenter idem, page 114.
- criterion idem, page 184.
- measure idem, page 520.
- measuring rod idem, page 521.
- plumb-line idem, page 621.
- plummet idem, page 622.
- principle idem, page 641.
- rod idem, page 720.
- rule idem, page 725.
- standard idem, page 810.
- test idem, page 863.
- yard-measure idem, page 995.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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