πεθαίνω

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Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Backformation from Ancient Greek ἀπέθανε (apéthane) the third person singular aorist of ἀποθνῄσκω (apothnḗiskō, “die”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Hyphenation: πε‧θαί‧νω

Verb

πεθαίνω • (pethaíno) (past πέθανα, passive —)

  1. (most senses) to die
    Άκουσες ότι πέθανε ο κύριος Βαγγέλης; ― Ákouses óti péthane o kýrios Vangélis? ― Did you hear that Mr Vangelis died?
    Πέθανα στα γέλια όταν τον είδα. ― Péthana sta gélia ótan ton eída. ― I died laughing when I saw him.
  2. (transitive) to kill (either directly or indirectly)
    Αυτά τα φάρμακα τον πέθαναν στο τέλος. ― Aftá ta fármaka ton péthanan sto télos. ― These medicines killed him in the end.
    Τον πέθανε ο καημός της κόρης του. ― Ton péthane o kaïmós tis kóris tou. ― His daughter's sorrow killed him.
  3. (transitive, figuratively) to kill, torture (cause suffering to)
    Θα με πεθάνεις με τη ζήλια σου! ― Tha me petháneis me ti zília sou! ― Your jealousy will be the death of me!
  4. (transitive, figuratively) to pain, hurt, kill (cause pain to)
    Το δόντι μου με πεθαίνει. ― To dónti mou me pethaínei. ― My tooth is killing me.

Conjugation

πεθαίνω   (active forms only plus passive perfect participle)
Active voice ➤
Indicative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect ➤ Perfective aspect ➤
Non-past tenses ➤ Present ➤ Dependent ➤
1 sg πεθαίνω πεθάνω
2 sg πεθαίνεις πεθάνεις
3 sg πεθαίνει πεθάνει
1 pl πεθαίνουμε, [‑ομε] πεθάνουμε, [‑ομε]
2 pl πεθαίνετε πεθάνετε
3 pl πεθαίνουν(ε) πεθάνουν(ε)
Past tenses ➤ Imperfect ➤ Simple past ➤
1 sg πέθαινα πέθανα
2 sg πέθαινες πέθανες
3 sg πέθαινε πέθανε
1 pl πεθαίναμε πεθάναμε
2 pl πεθαίνατε πεθάνατε
3 pl πέθαιναν, πεθαίναν(ε) πέθαναν, πεθάναν(ε)
Future tenses ➤ Continuous ➤ Simple ➤
1 sg θα πεθαίνω ➤ θα πεθάνω ➤
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl θα πεθαίνεις, … θα πεθάνεις, …
Perfect aspect ➤
Present perfect ➤   έχω, έχεις, … πεθάνει    είμαι, είσαι, … πεθαμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ (also passive voice)
Past perfect ➤   είχα, είχες, … πεθάνει    ήμουν, ήσουν, … πεθαμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Future perfect ➤   θα έχω, θα έχεις, … πεθάνει    θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … πεθαμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Subjunctive mood ➤ Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας).
Imperative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect Perfective aspect
2 sg πέθαινε πέθανε
2 pl πεθαίνετε πεθάνετε
Other forms
Active present participle ➤   πεθαίνοντας ➤
Active perfect participle ➤   έχοντας πεθάνει ➤
Passive perfect participle ➤ πεθαμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤
Nonfinite form ➤   πεθάνει
Notes  
 
Appendix:Greek verbs 		 • (…) optional or informal.   rare.   {…} learned, archaic.
 • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency.
 • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive.

Synonyms

Antonyms

  • ζω (zo, “live”)
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