From Proto-Hellenic *pléwō, from Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“to sail, flow”).[1]
In the present and imperfect, the semivowel *ϝ is lost between vowels, but before a consonant is kept as υ, the second element of a diphthong. Cognate with English float.
πλέω • (pléō)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πλέω | πλεῖς | πλεῖ | πλεῖτον | πλεῖτον | πλέομεν | πλεῖτε | πλέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | πλέω | πλέῃς | πλέῃ | πλέητον | πλέητον | πλέωμεν | πλέητε | πλέωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | πλέοιμῐ | πλέοις | πλέοι | πλέοιτον | πλεοίτην | πλέοιμεν | πλέοιτε | πλέοιεν | |||||
imperative | πλεῖ | πλείτω | πλεῖτον | πλείτων | πλεῖτε | πλεόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | πλέομαι | πλέῃ, πλεῖ |
πλεῖται | πλεῖσθον | πλεῖσθον | πλεόμεθᾰ | πλεῖσθε | πλέονται | ||||
subjunctive | πλέωμαι | πλέῃ | πλέηται | πλέησθον | πλέησθον | πλεώμεθᾰ | πλέησθε | πλέωνται | |||||
optative | πλεοίμην | πλέοιο | πλέοιτο | πλέοισθον | πλεοίσθην | πλεοίμεθᾰ | πλέοισθε | πλέοιντο | |||||
imperative | πλέου | πλείσθω | πλεῖσθον | πλείσθων | πλεῖσθε | πλεέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | πλεῖν | πλεῖσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | πλέων | πλεόμενος | ||||||||||
f | πλέουσᾰ | πλεομένη | |||||||||||
n | πλέον | πλεόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔπλεον | ἔπλεις | ἔπλει(ν) | ἐπλεῖτον | ἐπλείτην | ἐπλέομεν | ἐπλεῖτε | ἔπλεον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπλεόμην | ἐπλέου | ἐπλεῖτο | ἐπλεῖσθον | ἐπλείσθην | ἐπλεόμεθᾰ | ἐπλεῖσθε | ἐπλέοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πλέον | πλέες | πλέε(ν) | πλέετον | πλεέτην | πλέομεν | πλέετε | πλέον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | πλεόμην | πλέου | πλέετο | πλέεσθον | πλεέσθην | πλεόμε(σ)θᾰ | πλέεσθε | πλέοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | πλεύσομαι | πλεύσῃ, πλεύσει |
πλεύσεται | πλεύσεσθον | πλεύσεσθον | πλευσόμεθᾰ | πλεύσεσθε | πλεύσονται | ||||
optative | πλευσοίμην | πλεύσοιο | πλεύσοιτο | πλεύσοισθον | πλευσοίσθην | πλευσοίμεθᾰ | πλεύσοισθε | πλεύσοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πλεύσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πλευσόμενος | |||||||||||
f | πλευσομένη | ||||||||||||
n | πλευσόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | πλευσοῦμαι | πλευσῇ | πλευσεῖται | πλευσεῖσθον | πλευσεῖσθον | πλευσεόμεθᾰ | πλευσεῖσθε | πλευσέονται | ||||
optative | πλευσεοίμᾱν | πλευσέοιο | πλευσέοιτο | πλευσέοισθον | πλευσεοίσθᾱν | πλευσεοίμεθᾰ | πλευσέοισθε | πλευσέοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πλευσεῖσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πλευσεόμενος | |||||||||||
f | πλευσεομένᾱ | ||||||||||||
n | πλευσεόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Compounds of the verb @perseus.tufts.edu e.g.
More than 200 related words for the grades:
*πλεϝ > -πλέω, -πλευσ-, -πλευμ-
*πλοϝ > -πλοο-, -πλοι-, -πλου-
*πλωϝ > the Ionic -πλώω, -πλωτ-
*plϝ > πλυν-j-ω > πλύνω (plúnō, “wash”)
From Ancient Greek πλέω.
Compare Mariupol Greek плэ́ву (plévu).
πλέω • (pléo) (past έπλευσα, passive —)
Active voice ➤ | ||||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
1 sg | πλέω | πλεύσω | ||
2 sg | πλέεις | πλεύσεις | ||
3 sg | πλέει | πλεύσει | ||
1 pl | πλέουμε, [‑ομε] | πλεύσουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
2 pl | πλέετε | πλεύσετε | ||
3 pl | πλέουν(ε) | πλεύσουν(ε) | ||
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
1 sg | έπλεα | έπλευσα | ||
2 sg | έπλεες | έπλευσες | ||
3 sg | έπλεε | έπλευσε | ||
1 pl | πλέαμε | πλεύσαμε | ||
2 pl | πλέατε | πλεύσατε | ||
3 pl | έπλεαν, πλέαν(ε) | έπλευσαν, πλεύσαν(ε) | ||
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
1 sg | θα πλέω ➤ | θα πλεύσω ➤ | ||
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα πλέεις, … | θα πλεύσεις, … | ||
Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … πλεύσει | |||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … πλεύσει | |||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … πλεύσει | |||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
2 sg | πλέε | πλεύσε | ||
2 pl | πλέετε | πλεύστε | ||
Other forms | ||||
Active present participle ➤ | πλέοντας ➤ | |||
Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας πλεύσει ➤ | |||
Passive perfect participle ➤ | — | |||
Nonfinite form ➤ | πλεύσει | |||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• (…) optional or informal. rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
And see their derivatives: