πρόθεσις

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

From προτίθημι (protíthēmi) +‎ -σις (-sis) and προ- (pro-) +‎ θέσις (thésis)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pró.tʰe.sis/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpro.tʰe.sis/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpro.θe.sis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpro.θe.sis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpro.θe.sis/

Noun

πρόθεσῐς • (próthesis) f (genitive προθέσεως); third declension

(the act of) placing in public
public notice
statement of a case
purpose, end proposed
- New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 11:23:
  ὃς παραγενόμενος καὶ ἰδὼν τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐχάρη, καὶ παρεκάλει πάντας τῇ προθέσει τῆς καρδίας προσμένειν τῷ Κυρίῳ
  hòs paragenómenos kaì idṑn tḕn khárin toû Theoû ekhárē, kaì parekálei pántas têi prothései tês kardías prosménein tôi Kuríōi
  Translation by KJV
  Who, when he came, and had seen the grace of God, was glad, and exhorted them all, that with purpose of heart they would cleave unto the Lord.
supposition, calculation
(grammar) preposition

Declension

Third declension of ἡ πρόθεσῐς; τῆς προθέσεως (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πρόθεσῐς hē próthesis	τὼ προθέσει tṑ prothései	αἱ προθέσεις hai prothéseis
Genitive	τῆς προθέσεως tês prothéseōs	τοῖν προθεσέοιν toîn protheséoin	τῶν προθέσεων tôn prothéseōn
Dative	τῇ προθέσει têi prothései	τοῖν προθεσέοιν toîn protheséoin	ταῖς προθέσεσῐ / προθέσεσῐν taîs prothésesi(n)
Accusative	τὴν πρόθεσῐν tḕn próthesin	τὼ προθέσει tṑ prothései	τᾱ̀ς προθέσεις tā̀s prothéseis
Vocative	πρόθεσῐ próthesi	προθέσει prothései	προθέσεις prothéseis
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

προθετικός (prothetikós)
ἄρτοι τῆς προθέσεως (ártoi tês prothéseōs, “shewbread”)

Descendants

Greek: πρόθεση (próthesi)
→ English: prothesis
→ French: prothèse
→ German: Prothese
→ Latin: praepositio (semantic loan) (see there for further descendants)

See also

πρόσθεσις (prósthesis)

Further reading

πρόθεσις in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
“πρόθεσις”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
“πρόθεσις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
G4286 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- laying out idem, page 481.

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