From Proto-Hellenic *kʷʰtʰéřřō, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰér-ye-ti, from *dʰgʷʰer- (“flow, diverge; perish”) via the middle form φθείρομαι (phtheíromai, “to be destroyed, perish”) with new active meaning “destroy”. Cognate to Sanskrit क्षरति (kṣárati, “flows, diverges; disappears”), Avestan 𐬖𐬲𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (γžaraiti, “flows, streams”).
φθείρω • (phtheírō)
The compound verb διαφθείρω (diaphtheírō) is much more frequent than the simple verb.
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔφθειρον | ἔφθειρες | ἔφθειρε(ν) | ἐφθείρετον | ἐφθειρέτην | ἐφθείρομεν | ἐφθείρετε | ἔφθειρον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐφθειρόμην | ἐφθείρου | ἐφθείρετο | ἐφθείρεσθον | ἐφθειρέσθην | ἐφθειρόμεθᾰ | ἐφθείρεσθε | ἐφθείροντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | φθείρεσκον | φθείρεσκες | φθείρεσκε(ν) | φθειρέσκετον | φθειρεσκέτην | φθειρέσκομεν | φθειρέσκετε | φθείρεσκον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | φθειρεσκόμην | φθειρέσκου | φθειρέσκετο | φθειρέσκεσθον | φθειρεσκέσθην | φθειρεσκόμεθᾰ | φθειρέσκεσθε | φθειρέσκοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔφθορᾰ | ἔφθορᾰς | ἔφθορε(ν) | ἐφθόρᾰτον | ἐφθόρᾰτον | ἐφθόρᾰμεν | ἐφθόρᾰτε | ἐφθόρᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ἐφθόρω | ἐφθόρῃς | ἐφθόρῃ | ἐφθόρητον | ἐφθόρητον | ἐφθόρωμεν | ἐφθόρητε | ἐφθόρωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἐφθόροιμῐ, ἐφθοροίην |
ἐφθόροις, ἐφθοροίης |
ἐφθόροι, ἐφθοροίη |
ἐφθόροιτον | ἐφθοροίτην | ἐφθόροιμεν | ἐφθόροιτε | ἐφθόροιεν | |||||
imperative | ἔφθορε | ἐφθορέτω | ἐφθόρετον | ἐφθορέτων | ἐφθόρετε | ἐφθορόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἐφθορέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἐφθορώς | |||||||||||
f | ἐφθορυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | ἐφθορός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐφθᾰ́ρκειν, ἐφθᾰ́ρκη |
ἐφθᾰ́ρκεις, ἐφθᾰ́ρκης |
ἐφθᾰ́ρκει(ν) | ἐφθᾰ́ρκετον | ἐφθᾰρκέτην | ἐφθᾰ́ρκεμεν | ἐφθᾰ́ρκετε | ἐφθᾰ́ρκεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐφθᾰ́ρμην | ἔφθᾰρσο | ἔφθᾰρτο | ἔφθᾰρθον | ἐφθᾰ́ρθην | ἐφθᾰ́ρμεθᾰ | ἔφθᾰρθε | ἐφθᾰ́ρᾰτο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|