χερούβ

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

Borrowed from Hebrew כְּרוּב (k'rúv).^[1]

Pronunciation

(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kʰeˈrub/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /çeˈruβ/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /çeˈruv/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /çeˈruv/

Noun

χερούβ • (kheroúb) n or m (genitive —); irregular declension

(Koine) cherub
- Old Testament, Genesis 3:24
- Old Testament, Exodus 25:17-25:21
- Old Testament, 2 Samuel 22:11
- Old Testament, Ezekiel 10:3
- 93/94 CE, Titus Flavius Josephus, chapter 6, in Ἰουδαϊκὴ ἀρχαιολογία [The Jewish Antiquities]‎, volume 3, line 137:
  τῷ δὲ ἐπιθέματι αὐτῆς ἦσαν πρόστυποι δύο, Χερουβεῖς μὲν αὐτοὺς Ἑβραῖοι καλοῦσι,
  tôi dè epithémati autês êsan próstupoi dúo, Kheroubeîs mèn autoùs Hebraîoi kaloûsi,
  Upon this its cover were two images, which the Hebrews call Cherubim;

Declension

Irregular declension of ὁ χερούβ; — (Koine)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ὁ χερούβ ho kheroúb	οἱ χερουβίν / χερουβείμ / χερουβείν / χερουβίμ / χερουβεῖς hoi kheroubín / kheroubeím / kheroubeín / kheroubím / kheroubeîs
Genitive	—	τῶν χερουβείν / χερουβεῖς tôn kheroubeín / kheroubeîs
Dative	—	—
Accusative	τὸν χερούβ tòn kheroúb	τοὺς χερουβίν / χερουβείμ / χερουβείν / χερουβίμ / χερουβεῖς toùs kheroubín / kheroubeím / kheroubeín / kheroubím / kheroubeîs
Vocative	χερούβ kheroúb	χερουβίν / χερουβείμ / χερουβείν / χερουβίμ / χερουβεῖς kheroubín / kheroubeím / kheroubeín / kheroubím / kheroubeîs

Descendants

→ Old Church Slavonic: херовимъ (xerovimŭ)
→ Latin: cherub
- → Catalan: querubí
- → Dutch: cherub
- → German: Cherub
- → English: cherub
- → French: chérubin
- → Galician: querubín
- → Italian: cherubino
- → Polish: cherub
- → Portuguese: querubim
- → Spanish: querubín
→ Old East Slavic: хероувимъ (xeruvimŭ)
- Russian: херувим (xeruvim)

References

^ Lily Kahn with Aaron D. Rubin (2016) chapter 8, in Handbook of Jewish Languages, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201

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