азбука

Belarusian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic азъбукꙑ (azŭbuky); borrowed from Old Church Slavonic азъбоукꙑ (azŭbuky), from the names of the first two letters of the Cyrillic alphabet, азъ (azŭ) +‎ боукꙑ (buky), a calque of Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

а́збука • (ázbuka) f inan (genitive а́збукі, nominative plural а́збукі, genitive plural а́збук)

1. alphabet

   Synonym: алфаві́т (alfavít)

Declension

References

• “азбука” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic азъбоукꙑ (azŭbuky), from the names of the first two letters of the Cyrillic alphabet, азъ (azŭ) +‎ боукꙑ (buky), a calque of Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

а́збука • (ázbuka) f (relational adjective а́збучен)

1. alphabet

   Synonym: (dated) алфави́та (alfavíta)

Declension

References

• “азбука”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “азбука”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “а̀збука”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 5
• “азбука”, in Български тълковен речник [Bulgarian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), fourth edition, Sofia: Nauka i Izkustvo, 2005, page 20

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

азбука • (azbuka) f (relational adjective азбучен)

1. alphabet

Declension

References

• азбука in Makedonisch Info (germansko-makedonski rečnik, makedonsko-germanski rečnik)

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic азъбукꙑ (azŭbuky); borrowed from Old Church Slavonic азъбоукꙑ (azŭbuky), from the names of the first two letters of the Cyrillic alphabet, азъ (azŭ) +‎ боукꙑ (buky), a calque of Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

а́збука • (ázbuka) f inan (genitive а́збуки, nominative plural а́збуки, genitive plural а́збук, relational adjective а́збучный, diminutive а́збучка)

1. alphabet

   Synonym: алфави́т (alfavít)

   а́збука Мо́рзе ― ázbuka Mórzɛ ― Morse code

   а́збука Бра́йля ― ázbuka Brájlja ― Braille

   слогова́я а́збука ― slogovája ázbuka ― syllabary

2. ABC book, abecedary; primer

   Synonym: буква́рь (bukvárʹ)

3. ABC (the rudiments of any subject)

   Synonyms: осно́вы (osnóvy), азы́ (azý)

Declension

Descendants

• → Ingrian: azbukka

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From initial names of the first letters of Cyrillic alphabet, az (а) and buki (б).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ǎzbuka/
• Hyphenation: аз‧бу‧ка

Noun

а̀збука f (Latin spelling àzbuka)

1. (uncountable) alphabet (based on the Cyrillic script)

Declension

Further reading

• “азбука” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Ukrainian

Etymology

Created in Old East Slavic following азъбукы (azŭbuky), borrowed from Old Church Slavonic азъбоукꙑ (azŭbuky), formed from the names of the first two letters in the Cyrillic alphabet, азъ (azŭ) + боукꙑ (buky), a calque of Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos).

Attested 1627, compare язъбука (jazʺbuka) (17–18th century).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

а́збука • (ázbuka) f inan (genitive а́збуки, nominative plural а́збуки, genitive plural а́збук, relational adjective а́збучний)

1. (dated) alphabet (an ordered set of letters used in a language), especially the old Cyrillic alphabet.

   Synonyms: алфаві́т (alfavít), альфабе́т (alʹfabét), абе́тка (abétka), (dialectal) абе́тло (abétlo)

Declension

Derived terms

• а́збучний (ázbučnyj)
• а́збучна війна́ (ázbučna vijná) (historical, proper noun)

Related terms

• аз (az)
• буква (bukva)

References

• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “азбука”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “азбука”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “азбука”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)