броня

Bulgarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian броня́ (bronjá). Displaced native бръня (brǎnja), from Proto-Slavic *brъňa, of Gothic origin.

Pronunciation

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• Audio

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Noun

бро́ня • (brónja) f (relational adjective броне́ви)

1. armour (UK), armor (US) (protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damage)

Declension

Alternative forms

• бръня (brǎnja) — dialectal
  • ⇒ бръ́нка (brǎ́nka, “metal chip”)

Derived terms

• брони́рам (broníram, “to armor”) (causative-iterative verb)
• броне- (brone-) (in compounds)
  • бронева́к (bronevák, “armoured soldier”)
  • бронежиле́тка (bronežilétka, “bullet-proof vest”)
  • бронено́сец (bronenósec, “armadillo”) (animal)
  • бронетранспортьо́р (bronetransportjór, “armoured fighting vehicle”)

Related terms

• бруст (brust, “breast stroke”) (late German loanword)

References

• “броня”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “броня”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “броня”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 81
• “брънѩ”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024

Russian

Russian Wikipedia has an article on:

броня

Wikipedia ^ru

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic бръня (brŭnja), from Proto-Slavic *brъňa, from Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌾𐍉 (brunjō, “breastplate”), from Proto-Germanic *brunjǭ (“breastplate”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

броня́ • (bronjá) f inan (genitive брони́, nominative plural брони́, genitive plural броне́й, relational adjective бронево́й or бро́нный)

1. (military) armor, armour, armoring, shell

Declension

Related terms

• бронево́й (bronevój), брониро́ванный (broniróvannyj), бронебо́йный (bronebójnyj)
• бронирова́ть impf or pf (bronirovátʹ)
• броневи́к m (bronevík), бронеавтомоби́ль m (broneavtomobílʹ), бронетранспротёр m (bronetransprotjór), бронежиле́т m (bronežilét)

Etymology 2

Developed from the sense of “armor” during the Soviet period. Sense development was from “armor” → “securing” → “reservation”.

Pronunciation

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Noun

бро́ня • (brónja) f inan (genitive бро́ни, nominative plural бро́ни, genitive plural бронь)

1. reservation, booking

   Synonyms: резерви́рование n (rezervírovanije), бронь f (bronʹ)

2. a secured essential worker job providing deferment from conscription

Declension

Related terms

• брони́ровать impf (bronírovatʹ), заброни́ровать pf (zabronírovatʹ)

Ukrainian

Ukrainian Wikipedia has an article on:

броня

Wikipedia ^uk

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic брънꙗ (brŭnja), from Proto-Slavic *brъňa, from Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌾𐍉 (brunjō, “breastplate”), from Proto-Germanic *brunjǭ (“breastplate”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

броня́ • (bronjá) f inan (genitive броні́, uncountable)

1. (military) armor, armour, armoring
2. (military, collective or in the singular) armored vehicle, armored car
3. shell (of animals)
4. (dated, poetic) arms, weapons

Declension

Derived terms

• бронюва́ти impf (bronjuváty), забронюва́ти pf (zabronjuváty)
• броньови́к m (bronʹovýk), бронеавтомобі́ль m (broneavtomobílʹ), бронетранспроте́р m (bronetransprotér), бронежиле́т m (bronežylét)
• бронепо́тяг m (bronepótjah), бронепо́їзд m (bronepójizd), бронека́тер m (bronekáter), бронемашин́а f (bronemašyńa)
• бронено́сець m (bronenósecʹ)
• бронета́нковий (bronetánkovyj)

Etymology 2

Same as etymology 1, the meanings derive from Russian бро́ня (brónja, “reservation”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

бро́ня • (brónja) f inan (genitive бро́ні, nominative plural бро́ні, genitive plural бронь)

1. reservation, booking
2. deferment (from conscription)

Declension

Related terms

• бронюва́ти impf (bronjuváty), забронюва́ти pf (zabronjuváty)

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “броня”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “броня”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)
• “броня”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “броня”, in Словник.ua (in Ukrainian)