вода
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See also: водя and Appendix:Variations of "voda"
Bulgarian
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥.
Pronunciation
Noun
вода́ or во́да • (vodá or vóda) f (relational adjective во́ден, diminutive води́ца or води́чка)
- water, aqua
- (collective) body of water
Usage notes
In dialects with free accent, the secondary form во́да (vóda) is used only in the role of grammatical object. Technically, it reflects the archaic mobile accentuation of acc. *vȍdǫ.
Declension
Declension of вода́, во́да
Derived terms
- водо- (vodo-)
- водобо́й (vodobój, “dam, barrage”)
- водово́з (vodovóz), водово́зка (vodovózka, “water bearer, carrier”)
- водовърте́ж (vodovǎrtéž, “whirlpool”)
- водода́й (vododáj), водода́йка (vododájka, “aquifer”)
- водое́м (vodoém, “body of water”)
- водола́з (vodoláz, “scubadiver”)
- водоле́й (vodoléj, “aquarius, water bearer”)
- водоливни́к (vodolivník, “aquifer”)
- водолю́б (vodoljúb, “hydrophilic plant, material”)
- водоме́р (vodomér, “water gauge”)
- водоно́с (vodonós)
- водоно́сец (vodonósec), водоно́ска (vodonóska, “water carrier”)
- водопа́д (vodopád, “waterfall”)
- водопо́й (vodopój, “pond, watering pool”)
- водопро́вод (vodopróvod, “aqueduct, pipe”)
- водора́сло (vodoráslo, “aquatic vegetation, algae”)
- водоро́д (vodoród, “hydrogen”)
- водосбо́р (vodosbór, “accumulation of water”)
- водоснабдя́ване (vodosnabdjávane, “water supply”)
- водосто́к (vodostók, “culvert, gutter”)
- водохрани́лище (vodohranílište, “water storage”)
- водня́ pf (vodnjá), водня́вам impf (vodnjávam, “to water”)
- наводня́ pf (navodnjá), наводня́вам impf (navodnjávam, “to flood”)
- отводня́ pf (otvodnjá), отводня́вам impf (otvodnjávam, “to drain, to remove water”)
- приводня́ pf (privodnjá), приводня́вам impf (privodnjávam, “to water-land, to ditch /for airplane/”)
- разводня́ pf (razvodnjá), разводня́вам impf (razvodnjávam, “to water down, to dilute”)
- во́дие (vódie) (obsolete)
- безво́дие (bezvódie, “aridity, lack of water”)
- малово́дие (malovódie, “shortage of water”)
- многово́дие (mnogovódie, “excess of water”)
- во́дка (vódka, “vodka”)
- водени́ца (vodeníca, “water mill”)
- во́ден (vóden) (relative adjective)
Related terms
- ва́да (váda, “brook, channel”)
References
- “вода”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “вода”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Carpathian Rusyn
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥.
Noun
вода • (voda)
Further reading
- Kercha, Ihor (2012) Словник русько-русинськый: у 2 т. [Russian-Rusyn Dictionary: in 2 vols] (overall work in Russian and Carpathian Rusyn), Uzhhorod: PoliPrint
Macedonian
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥.
Pronunciation
Noun
во́да • (vóda) f (plural во́ди, relational adjective во́ден, diminutive во́дичка or во́дица, augmentative во́диште)
- water (H2O)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | вода (voda) | води (vodi) |
| definite unspecified | водата (vodata) | водите (vodite) |
| definite proximal | водава (vodava) | водиве (vodive) |
| definite distal | водана (vodana) | водине (vodine) |
| vocative | водо (vodo) | води (vodi) |
| collective | водје (vodje) воѓе (voǵe) |
— |
Derived terms
nouns
- безводност f (bezvodnost)
- водар m (vodar)
- водарина f (vodarina)
- водарка f (vodarka)
- Воден m (Voden)
- воденик m (vodenik)
- воденица f (vodenica)
- воденичар m (vodeničar)
- воденичарка f (vodeničarka)
- Водици pl (Vodici)
- водичар m (vodičar)
- водичарка f (vodičarka)
- водовачка f (vodovačka)
- водовод m (vodovod)
- водоводџија m (vodovoddžija)
- водоводџика f (vodovoddžika)
- водоврат m (vodovrat)
- водоврик m (vodovrik)
- водоврика f (vodovrika)
- водовртеж m (vodovrtež)
- вододел m (vododel)
- вододелница f (vododelnica)
- водоземец m (vodozemec)
- водоинсталатер m (vodoinstalater)
- Водокрст m (Vodokrst)
- водолеец m (vodoleec)
- водолија f (vodolija)
- водомар m (vodomar)
- водомер m (vodomer)
- водоносец m (vodonosec)
- водоодвод m (vodoodvod)
- водоотпорност f (vodootpornost)
- водопад m (vodopad)
- водопиец m (vodopiec)
- водопој m (vodopoj)
- Водопост m (Vodopost)
- водород m (vodorod)
- водосвет m (vodosvet)
- водоскок m (vodoskok)
- водостој m (vodostoj)
- водостопанство n (vodostopanstvo)
- водотек m (vodotek)
- кисела вода f (kisela voda)
- крстена вода f (krstena voda)
- осветена вода f (osvetena voda)
- полноводност f (polnovodnost)
- света вода f (sveta voda)
- светена вода f (svetena voda)
adjectives
- безводен (bezvoden)
- воден (voden)
- воденест (vodenest)
- воденикав (vodenikav)
- водест (vodest)
- водичарски (vodičarski)
- водлест (vodlest)
- воднест (vodnest)
- водовричав (vodovričav)
- водовричен (vodovričen)
- водонепропустлив (vodonepropustliv)
- водоотпорен (vodootporen)
- водорамен (vodoramen)
- водорлив (vodorliv)
- водурлив (vodurliv)
- водурникав (vodurnikav)
- надводен (nadvoden)
- подводен (podvoden)
- полноводен (polnovoden)
- слатководен (slatkovoden)
adverbs
- водно (vodno)
- водоотпорно (vodootporno)
- водорамно (vodoramno)
- надводно (nadvodno)
- подводно (podvodno)
verbs
- водени (vodeni)
- водоснабдува (vodosnabduva)
- изводени (izvodeni)
- изводенува (izvodenuva)
- наводени (navodeni)
- наводенува (navodenuva)
- наводни (navodni)
- наводнува (navodnuva)
References
- “вода” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) − drmj.eu
- Koneski, Kiril (1999) “вода”, in Правописен речник на македонскиот литературен јазик (Pravopisen rečnik na makedonskiot literaturen jazik) [Orthographic Dictionary of the Macedonian literary language] (in Macedonian), "Prosvetno delo", pages 48, 49
Old Church Slavonic
Alternative forms
- ⰲⱁⰴⰰ (voda) — Glagolitic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥.
Noun
вода • (voda) f
Declension
Declension of вода (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | вода voda |
водѣ vodě |
водꙑ vody |
| genitive | водꙑ vody |
водоу vodu |
водъ vodŭ |
| dative | водѣ vodě |
водама vodama |
водамъ vodamŭ |
| accusative | водѫ vodǫ |
водѣ vodě |
водꙑ vody |
| instrumental | водоѭ vodojǫ |
водама vodama |
водами vodami |
| locative | водѣ vodě |
водоу vodu |
водахъ vodaxŭ |
| vocative | водо vodo |
водѣ vodě |
водꙑ vody |
Descendants
Old East Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vodà. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic вода (voda) and Old Polish woda.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: во‧да
Noun
вода (voda) f (related adjective водьнъ)
Declension
Declension of вода (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | вода voda |
водѣ vodě |
водꙑ vody |
| Genitive | водꙑ vody |
воду vodu |
водъ vodŭ |
| Dative | водѣ vodě |
водама vodama |
водамъ vodamŭ |
| Accusative | водѫ vodǫ |
водѣ vodě |
водꙑ vody |
| Instrumental | водоѭ vodojǫ |
водама vodama |
водами vodami |
| Locative | водѣ vodě |
воду vodu |
водахъ vodaxŭ |
| Vocative | водо vodo |
водѣ vodě |
водꙑ vody |
Descendants
References
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “вода”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 276
- Zaliznyak, Andrey A. (2019) “вода́”, in Древнерусское ударение: Общие сведения и словарь [Old East Slavic accent: General Information and Dictionary] (in Russian), 2nd, expanded and revised edition, Moscow: Publishing House “YASK”, , →ISBN, page 174
Old Novgorodian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *voda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥.
Noun
вода • (voda) f
Old Ruthenian
Etymology
From Old East Slavic вода (voda), from Proto-Slavic *voda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥.
Noun
вода́ • (vodá) f inan
Pannonian Rusyn
Etymology
Inherited from Old Slovak voda, from Proto-Slavic *voda. Cognates include Slovak voda and Carpathian Rusyn вода́ (vodá).
Pronunciation
Noun
вода (voda) f (diminutive водичка or водица, related adjective водов or водови)
Declension
Declension of вода
References
- Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “вода”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
Russian
Etymology 1
Etymology tree
Inherited from Old East Slavic вода (voda), from Proto-Slavic *voda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥. Cognates include Sanskrit उद्र (udra), Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) → English hydro-, English whisky and water.
Pronunciation
Noun
вода́ • (vodá) f inan (genitive воды́, nominative plural во́ды, genitive plural вод, relational adjective водяно́й or во́дный, diminutive води́чка or води́ца)
- water
- на воде́ и на су́ше ― na vodé i na súše ― by sea and by land
- лезть/поле́зть в во́ду ― leztʹ/poléztʹ v vódu ― to get into the water
- стака́н воды́ ― stakán vodý ― glass of water
- боло́тная вода́ ― bolótnaja vodá ― stagnant water
- спуск воды́ из туале́тного бачка́ ― spusk vodý iz tualétnovo bačká ― flushing the toilet
- под водо́й ― pod vodój ― underwater
- soft drink, soda
- (Northern Russia) tide
- ма́лая вода́ ― málaja vodá ― low tide
- (figuratively) watery prose, fluff
- Места́ми интере́сно, а всё остально́е — вода́.
- Mestámi interésno, a vsjo ostalʹnóje — vodá.
- Interesting in some places, but the rest is fluff.
Declension
Declension of вода́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-dʹ/fʹ)
Pre-reform declension of вода́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-dʹ/fʹ)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | вода́ vodá |
во́ды vódy |
| genitive | воды́ vodý |
во́дъ vód |
| dative | водѣ́ vodě́ |
во́дамъ, вода́мъ* vódam, vodám* |
| accusative | во́ду vódu |
во́ды vódy |
| instrumental | водо́й, водо́ю vodój, vodóju |
во́дами, вода́ми* vódami, vodámi* |
| prepositional | водѣ́ vodě́ |
во́дахъ, вода́хъ* vódax, vodáx* |
* Dated/Obsolete.
Derived terms
Adjectives
- водяни́стый (vodjanístyj)
- водя́ный (vodjányj)
Compound Adjectives
- водо-водяно́й (vodo-vodjanój)
- водоёмкий (vodojómkij)
- водопрово́дный (vodoprovódnyj)
- водонапо́рный (vodonapórnyj)
- водоотта́лкивающий (vodoottálkivajuščij)
- водопла́вающий (vodoplávajuščij)
- водосто́йкий (vodostójkij)
- во́дно-солево́й (vódno-solevój)
- воднотра́нспортный (vodnotránsportnyj)
- глубоково́дный (glubokovódnyj)
- многово́дный (mnogovódnyj)
- подво́дный (podvódnyj)
- полново́дный (polnovódnyj)
- полуво́дный (poluvódnyj)
- пресново́дный (presnovódnyj)
Verbs
- наводня́ть impf (navodnjátʹ)
- наводни́ть pf (navodnítʹ)
Idioms
- бу́ря в стака́не воды́ f (búrja v stakáne vodý)
- как в во́ду ка́нуть (kak v vódu kánutʹ)
- не разле́й вода́ (ne razléj vodá)
- решето́м во́ду носи́ть (rešetóm vódu nosítʹ)
- седьма́я вода́ на киселе́ (sedʹmája vodá na kiselé)
- толо́чь во́ду в сту́пе (tolóčʹ vódu v stúpe)
- че́рпать во́ду решето́м (čérpatʹ vódu rešetóm)
Proper Nouns
- Минера́льные Во́ды f (Minerálʹnyje Vódy)
Nouns
- безво́дье n (bezvódʹje)
- во́дка f (vódka)
- во́дность f (vódnostʹ)
- во́дные лы́жи f (vódnyje lýži)
- воднолы́жник m (vodnolýžnik), воднолы́жница f (vodnolýžnica)
- воднолы́жный (vodnolýžnyj)
- водобоя́знь f (vodobojáznʹ)
- водово́з m (vodovóz)
- водово́зный (vodovóznyj)
- водоворо́т m (vodovorót)
- водогре́й m (vodogréj)
- водогре́йный (vodogréjnyj)
- водоём m (vodojóm)
- водозабо́р m (vodozabór)
- водокана́л m (vodokanál)
- водока́чка f (vodokáčka)
- водола́з m (vodoláz), водола́зка f (vodolázka)
- Водоле́й m (Vodoléj), водоле́й m (vodoléj)
- водолече́ние n (vodolečénije)
- водолю́б m (vodoljúb)
- водоме́рка f (vodomérka)
- водомёт m (vodomjót)
- водомо́ина f (vodomóina)
- водонагрева́тель f (vodonagrevátelʹ)
- водонепроница́емость f (vodonepronicájemostʹ)
- водоно́с m (vodonós)
- водоно́сный (vodonósnyj)
- водоотво́д m (vodootvód)
- водоотли́в m (vodootlív)
- водоохра́на f (vodooxrána)
- водопа́д m (vodopád)
- водопла́вка f (vodoplávka)
- водопо́й m (vodopój)
- водопрово́д m (vodoprovód)
- водоразде́л m (vodorazdél)
- водоро́д m (vodoród)
- во́доросль f (vódoroslʹ)
- водосвя́тие n (vodosvjátije)
- водосго́н m (vodosgón)
- водосодержа́ние n (vodosoderžánije)
- водохрани́лище n (vodoxranílišče)
- водяни́к m (vodjaník)
- водяни́ка f (vodjaníka)
- водяни́ковые f (vodjaníkovyje)
- за́водь f (závodʹ)
- наводне́ние n (navodnénije)
- обезво́живание n (obezvóživanije)
- па́водок m (pávodok)
- па́водковый (pávodkovyj)
- приводне́ние n (privodnénije)
- полово́дье n (polovódʹje)
Related terms
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вода”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “вода”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 159
Etymology 2
From води́ть (vodítʹ) + -а (-a). Compare воево́да (vojevóda).
Pronunciation
Noun
во́да • (vóda) m anim or f anim (genitive во́ды, nominative plural во́ды, genitive plural вод)
Further reading
- вода in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: во‧да
Noun
во̀да f (Latin spelling vòda)
- water (H2O)
Declension
Declension of вода
Further reading
- “вода”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
- “вода”, in Raskovnik [Dictionary portal Raskovnik of the Institute for the Serbian Language, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts] (in Serbo-Croatian), http://raskovnik.org, 2015–2024
Ukrainian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥.
Pronunciation
Noun
вода́ • (vodá) f inan (genitive води́, nominative plural во́ди, genitive plural вод, relational adjective водяни́й or во́дний, diminutive води́ця or води́чка)
Declension
Declension of вода́ (inan hard fem-form accent-d')
References
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “вода”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “вода”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)