граждан

From Russian граждани́н (graždanín, “citizen”).

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: граж‧дан

граждан • (grajdan)

1. citizen

   Сит ил граждандары.

   Sit il grajdandarı.

   Foreign citizens.

Possibly a back-formation from гражданка (hraždanka), гражданство (hraždanstvo) or the nominative plural form гражданє (hraždanje), which would explain the deviation from expected *гражданин (*hraždanin). Alternatively, directly borrowed from Old Church Slavonic гражданъ (graždanŭ). Compare Bulgarian гра́жданин (gráždanin), Russian граждани́н (graždanín) and Serbo-Croatian грађанин／građanin.

• IPA^(key):
• Rhymes: -aʒdan
• Hyphenation: граж‧дан

граждан (hraždan) m pers (female equivalent гражданка, related adjective граждански)

1. citizen

• Nominally, a distinction is made between citizen (“inhabitant of a city or town; burgher”) and citizen (“inhabitant of a state or country”), with the latter being represented in Pannonian Rusyn as державян (deržavjan), also with the sense of "countryman". In practice, граждан (hraždan) is commonly used for both senses, making phrases such as гражданє Сербиї (hraždanje Serbiji, “citizens of Serbia”) not only possible, but substantially more common than, say, державянє (Републики) Сербиї (deržavjanje (Republiki) Serbiji). The latter appears to be used more often in legal writings or rules and regulations of competitions, and as such the use of державян (deržavjan) may be perceived as more formal, if not bookish.

• Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “граждан”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
• Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “citizen”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 55

• IPA^(key):

гра́ждан • (gráždan) m anim pl

1. genitive/accusative plural of граждани́н (graždanín)