дать

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Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dṓˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti (to give), whence English donate, date and data.

Also cognate with Sanskrit ददाति (dadāti), Sanskrit दान (dāna) and Latin .

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -atʲ

Verb

дать (datʹpf (imperfective дава́ть)

  1. to give
    Дай мне холоди́льник!Daj mne xolodílʹnik!Give me a refrigerator!
    • 1876, Russian Synodal Bible, Mark 6:37:
      Он сказал им в ответ: вы дайте им есть. И сказали Ему: разве нам пойти купить хлеба динариев на двести и дать им есть?
      On skazal im v otvet: vy dajte im jestʹ. I skazali Jemu: razve nam pojti kupitʹ xleba dinarijev na dvesti i datʹ im jestʹ?
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. to let, to allow
    Дай мне порули́ть!Daj mne porulítʹ!Please allow me to drive!
  3. to organize, to create
    Как э́то ни стра́нно, а мы дади́м настоя́щий Восто́к в иску́сстве.Kak éto ni stránno, a my dadím nastojáščij Vostók v iskússtve.As strange as it seems, we'll conjure the true Orient in art. -Scriabin
  4. to hit, to strike, to clip, to give it to someone
    Я б ему́ так да́л за э́то!Ja b jemú tak dál za éto!I'd have given it to him for that!
  5. (idiomatic) to estimate someone's age from their appearance
    На вид ему́ мо́жно бы́ло дать не бо́льше сорока́.Na vid jemú móžno býlo datʹ ne bólʹše soroká.From his appearance it was impossible to suppose that he was over forty.
    Ско́лько вы мне дади́те лет?Skólʹko vy mne dadíte let?How old do you think I am?
  6. (slang, figurative) to consent to sex
    А вот нафига́ вчера́ дала́ в пе́рвое же свида́ние?A vot nafigá včerá dalá v pérvoje že svidánije?And why did you put out yesterday on the first date?

Usage notes

  • Negative forms with не (ne) feature alternative stress on the particle in standard Russian for masculine, neuter and plural forms past tense and past passive short participles: "не́ дал" and "не да́л", "не́ дало" and "не дало́", "не́ дали" and "не да́ли"; "не́ дан" and "не да́н", "не́ дано" and "не дано́", "не́ даны" and "не даны́".

Conjugation

Derived terms

verbs

Descendants

  • Armenian: տալ (tal) (semantic loan)
  • Azerbaijani: vermək (semantic loan)
  • Georgian: მისცემს (miscems) (semantic loan)