душа

Belarusian

Belarusian Wikipedia has an article on:

душа

Wikipedia ^be

Etymology

From Old East Slavic доуша (duša, “soul”), from Proto-Slavic *duša.

Pronunciation

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Noun

душа́ • (dušá) f inan (genitive душы́, nominative plural ду́шы, genitive plural душ)

1. soul, spirit

Declension

References

• “душа” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *duša.

Pronunciation

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• Hyphenation: ду‧ша́

Noun

душа́ • (dušá) f

1. soul
2. (figurative) spirit, heart
3. (figurative, colloquial) person, soul
4. breath

Declension

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *dušiti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

душа́ • (dušá) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (transitive) to strangle, to choke, to suffocate
2. (figurative) to oppress

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Slavic *dušiti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

ду́ша • (dúša) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. to sniff

   Synonym: мири́ша (miríša)

2. (figurative, derogatory, informal) to scout around

Conjugation

References

• “душа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “душа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *duša.

Pronunciation

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• Hyphenation: ду‧ша

Noun

ду́ша • (dúša) f (plural ду́ши, relational adjective ду́шевен, diminutive ду́шичка or ду́шиче)

1. soul
2. spirit
3. (by extension) inhabitant or individual person/soul

   Пе́т души ― Pét duši ― Five people (literally, “Five souls”)

4. (term of endearment) honey, sweetie, darling, dearie (in the vocative)

   ду́шо мо́ја ― dúšo mója ― my darling

5. (figurative) engine

Declension

References

• “душа” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) − drmj.eu

Old Church Slavonic

Noun

душа • (duša) f

1. Alternative form of доуша (duša)

Russian

Russian Wikipedia has an article on:

душа

Wikipedia ^ru

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic доуша (duša, “soul”), from Proto-Slavic *duša.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

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Noun

душа́ • (dušá) f inan (genitive души́, nominative plural ду́ши, genitive plural душ, relational adjective душе́вный, diminutive ду́шка or ду́шечка or ду́шенька, pejorative душо́нка)

1. soul

   не по душе́ ― ne po dušé ― displeases (literally, “not according to the soul”)

   по душе́ ― po dušé ― pleasant (literally, “according to the soul”)

   от души́ ― ot duší ― from the heart

   душа́ нараспа́шку ― dušá naraspášku ― frank-hearted, heart on one's sleeve (literally, “soul wide-open”)

   в глубине́ души́ ― v glubiné duší ― deep in one's heart

   брать за́ ду́шу ― bratʹ zá dúšu ― touch the heart

   душа́ в ду́шу ― dušá v dúšu ― in perfect harmony/concord (literally, “soul for soul”)

   душа́ не на ме́сте ― dušá ne na méste ― anxious, worried (literally, “soul out of place”)

   криви́ть душо́й ― krivítʹ dušój ― to equivocate, prevaricate, bend the truth

   стоя́ть над душо́й ― stojátʹ nad dušój ― to annoy smb. in a distractive way, e.g. by constant staring or asking (literally, “stand over (one's) soul”)

   душа́ в пя́тки ушла́ ― dušá v pjátki ušlá ― to have one's heart in one's mouth (literally, “soul went to (one's) heels”)

   залеза́ть в ду́шу кому́-либо ― zalezátʹ v dúšu komú-libo ― to worm oneself into smb.'s confidence

   души́ не ча́ять ― duší ne čájatʹ ― to adore a person, to dote (literally, “to not expect soul”)

   ско́лько душе́ уго́дно ― skólʹko dušé ugódno ― to one's heart's content (literally, “however pleasing to the soul”)

   с душо́й ― s dušój ― with spirit/feeling/zeal/gusto

   плева́ть в ду́шу ― plevátʹ v dúšu ― to trample on smb.'s feelings (literally, “spit on the soul”)

   береди́ть ду́шу ― beredítʹ dúšu ― to stir up old feelings

   изли́ть ду́шу ― izlítʹ dúšu ― to pour one's heart out

   на ду́шу населе́ния ― na dúšu naselénija ― per capita of the population

2. spirit
3. darling

   душа́ моя́! ― dušá mojá! ― my dear!

Declension

Related terms

Descendants

• → Buryat: дүүшэ (düüše)
• → Yakut: дууһа (duuha)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

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Noun

ду́ша • (dúša) m inan

1. genitive singular of душ (duš)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

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Participle

душа́ • (dušá)

1. present adverbial imperfective participle of души́ть (dušítʹ)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *duša.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dǔːʃa/
• Hyphenation: ду‧ша

Noun

ду́ша f (Latin spelling dúša)

1. soul
2. spirit
3. (by extension) individual person or inhabitant
4. term of endearment; darling, dear

Declension

Related terms

• ду̏х

Further reading

• “душа” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Ukrainian

Ukrainian Wikipedia has an article on:

душа

Wikipedia ^uk

Etymology

From Old East Slavic доуша (duša, “soul”), Proto-Slavic *duša.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

душа́ • (dušá) f inan (genitive душі́, nominative plural ду́ші, genitive plural душ)

1. soul, spirit

Declension

Derived terms

• спорі́днена душа́ f (sporídnena dušá)

Related terms

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “душа”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “душа”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• “душа”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)
• “душа”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “душа”, in Словник.ua (in Ukrainian)