From Proto-Slavic *znati.
знам • (znam) first-singular present indicative, impf
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | зна́ещ znáešt |
зна́ял, зная́л1 znájal, znajál1 |
зна́ел znáel |
зна́ен znáen |
зна́ейки znáejki | |
| definite subject form | зна́ещият znáeštijat |
зна́ялият, зная́лият1 znájalijat, znajálijat1 |
— | зна́еният znáenijat | |||
| definite object form | зна́ещия znáeštija |
зна́ялия, зная́лия1 znájalija, znajálija1 |
— | зна́ения znáenija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | зна́еща znáešta |
зна́яла, зная́ла1 znájala, znajála1 |
зна́ела znáela |
зна́ена znáena | ||
| definite | зна́ещата znáeštata |
зна́ялата, зная́лата1 znájalata, znajálata1 |
— | зна́ената znáenata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | зна́ещо znáešto |
зна́яло, зная́ло1 znájalo, znajálo1 |
зна́ело znáelo |
зна́ено znáeno |
зна́ене znáene | |
| definite | зна́ещото znáeštoto |
зна́ялото, зная́лото1 znájaloto, znajáloto1 |
— | зна́еното znáenoto |
зна́енето znáeneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | зна́ещи znáešti |
зна́яли, зная́ли1 znájali, znajáli1 |
зна́ели znáeli |
зна́ени znáeni |
зна́ения, зна́енета znáenija, znáeneta | |
| definite | зна́ещите znáeštite |
зна́ялите, зная́лите1 znájalite, znajálite1 |
— | зна́ените znáenite |
зна́енията, зна́енетата znáenijata, znáenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | знам znam |
зна́еш znáeš |
зна́е znáe |
зна́ем znáem |
зна́ете znáete |
зна́ят znájat | |
| imperfect | зна́ех znáeh |
зна́еше znáeše |
зна́еше znáeše |
зна́ехме znáehme |
зна́ехте znáehte |
зна́еха znáeha | |
| aorist | зна́ях, зная́х1 znájah, znajáh1 |
зна́я, зная́1 znája, znajá1 |
зна́я, зная́1 znája, znajá1 |
зна́яхме, зная́хме1 znájahme, znajáhme1 |
зна́яхте, зная́хте1 znájahte, znajáhte1 |
зна́яха, зная́ха1 znájaha, znajáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and зна́ел m, зна́ела f, зна́ело n, or зна́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and зна́ел m, зна́ела f, зна́ело n, or зна́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and зна́ел m, зна́ела f, зна́ело n, or зна́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and зна́ял/зная́л1 m, зна́яла/зная́ла1 f, зна́яло/зная́ло1 n, or зна́яли/зная́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| знай znaj |
зна́йте znájte |
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1Dialectally marked.
знам (znam)