Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьti.
A unique characteristic of this verb is that, unlike other cognates, the l-participle stem was regularized from a stem *и́д- (*íd-), used in the present tense and similar forms, instead of being derived from Proto-Slavic *šьd- (cf. Polish szedłem (I went), Russian шёл (šol) (past tense of идти́ (idtí)).
A milder degree of analogy is exhibited in Serbo-Croatian, which, while still having a *šьd-descendant for the l-participle, attached an и- as in the present tense to an older form *шао, *шла, *шло... to form ишао (“went”). Same thing has happened in Ukrainian where one could find these forms йшов, йшла, йшло, йшли.
и́да • (ída) first-singular present indicative, impf
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | и́дещ ídešt |
— | и́дел ídel |
— | и́дейки ídejki | |
| definite subject form | и́дещият ídeštijat |
— | — | — | |||
| definite object form | и́дещия ídeštija |
— | — | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | и́деща ídešta |
— | и́дела ídela |
— | ||
| definite | и́дещата ídeštata |
— | — | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | и́дещо ídešto |
— | и́дело ídelo |
— | — | |
| definite | и́дещото ídeštoto |
— | — | — | — | ||
| plural | indefinite | и́дещи ídešti |
— | и́дели ídeli |
— | — | |
| definite | и́дещите ídeštite |
— | — | — | — | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | и́да ída |
и́деш ídeš |
и́де íde |
и́дем ídem |
и́дете ídete |
и́дат ídat | |
| imperfect | и́дех ídeh |
и́деше ídeše |
и́деше ídeše |
и́дехме ídehme |
и́дехте ídehte |
и́деха ídeha | |
| aorist | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and и́дел m, и́дела f, и́дело n, or и́дели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and и́дел m, и́дела f, и́дело n, or и́дели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́дел m, и́дела f, и́дело n, or и́дели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| иди́ idí |
иде́те idéte |
||||||
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | и́дещ си ídešt si |
— | и́дел си ídel si |
— | и́дейки си ídejki si | |
| definite subject form | и́дещият си ídeštijat si |
— | — | — | |||
| definite object form | и́дещия си ídeštija si |
— | — | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | и́деща си ídešta si |
— | и́дела си ídela si |
— | ||
| definite | и́дещата си ídeštata si |
— | — | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | и́дещо си ídešto si |
— | и́дело си ídelo si |
— | — | |
| definite | и́дещото си ídeštoto si |
— | — | — | — | ||
| plural | indefinite | и́дещи си ídešti si |
— | и́дели си ídeli si |
— | — | |
| definite | и́дещите си ídeštite si |
— | — | — | — | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | и́да си ída si |
и́деш си ídeš si |
и́де си íde si |
и́дем си ídem si |
и́дете си ídete si |
и́дат си ídat si | |
| imperfect | и́дех си ídeh si |
и́деше си ídeše si |
и́деше си ídeše si |
и́дехме си ídehme si |
и́дехте си ídehte si |
и́деха си ídeha si | |
| aorist | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| future | pos. | Use ще си followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да си followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да си and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да си followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and и́дел си m, и́дела си f, и́дело си n, or и́дели си pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да си and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да си and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and и́дел си m, и́дела си f, и́дело си n, or и́дели си pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да си and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да си and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́дел си m, и́дела си f, и́дело си n, or и́дели си pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да си and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да си and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and — m, — f, — n, or — pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| иди́ си idí si |
иде́те си idéte si |
||||||
и́да • (ída) first-singular present indicative, pf
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | — | ил il |
и́дел ídel |
— | — | |
| definite subject form | — | и́лият ílijat |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | — | и́лия ílija |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | — | и́ла íla |
и́дела ídela |
— | ||
| definite | — | и́лата ílata |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | — | и́ло ílo |
и́дело ídelo |
— | — | |
| definite | — | и́лото íloto |
— | — | — | ||
| plural | indefinite | — | и́ли íli |
и́дели ídeli |
— | — | |
| definite | — | и́лите ílite |
— | — | — | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | и́да ída |
и́деш ídeš |
и́де íde |
и́дем ídem |
и́дете ídete |
и́дат ídat | |
| imperfect | и́дех ídeh |
и́деше ídeše |
и́деше ídeše |
и́дехме ídehme |
и́дехте ídehte |
и́деха ídeha | |
| aorist | и́дох ídoh |
и́де íde |
и́де íde |
и́дохме ídohme |
и́дохте ídohte |
и́доха ídoha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and и́дел m, и́дела f, и́дело n, or и́дели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and и́дел m, и́дела f, и́дело n, or и́дели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́дел m, и́дела f, и́дело n, or и́дели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ил m, и́ла f, и́ло n, or и́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| иди́ idí |
иде́те idéte |
||||||