From Proto-Slavic *kovàti.
кова́ • (ková) first-singular present indicative, impf
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | ковя́щ kovjášt |
кова́л kovál |
ковя́л kovjál |
кова́н kován |
кове́йки kovéjki | |
| definite subject form | ковя́щият kovjáštijat |
кова́лият koválijat |
— | кова́ният kovánijat | |||
| definite object form | ковя́щия kovjáštija |
кова́лия koválija |
— | кова́ния kovánija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | ковя́ща kovjášta |
кова́ла kovála |
ковя́ла kovjála |
кова́на kována | ||
| definite | ковя́щата kovjáštata |
кова́лата koválata |
— | кова́ната kovánata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | ковя́що kovjášto |
кова́ло koválo |
ковя́ло kovjálo |
кова́но kováno |
кова́не kováne | |
| definite | ковя́щото kovjáštoto |
кова́лото kováloto |
— | кова́ното kovánoto |
кова́нето kováneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | ковя́щи kovjášti |
кова́ли kováli |
кове́ли kovéli |
кова́ни kováni |
кова́ния, кова́нета kovánija, kováneta | |
| definite | ковя́щите kovjáštite |
кова́лите koválite |
— | кова́ните kovánite |
кова́нията, кова́нетата kovánijata, kovánetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | кова́ ková |
кове́ш kovéš |
кове́ kové |
кове́м kovém |
кове́те kovéte |
кова́т kovát | |
| imperfect | ковя́х kovjáh |
кове́ше kovéše |
кове́ше kovéše |
ковя́хме kovjáhme |
ковя́хте kovjáhte |
ковя́ха kovjáha | |
| aorist | кова́х kováh |
кова́ ková |
кова́ ková |
кова́хме kováhme |
кова́хте kováhte |
кова́ха kováha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ковя́л m, ковя́ла f, ковя́ло n, or кове́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ковя́л m, ковя́ла f, ковя́ло n, or кове́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ковя́л m, ковя́ла f, ковя́ло n, or кове́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and кова́л m, кова́ла f, кова́ло n, or кова́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| кови́ koví |
кове́те kovéte |
||||||
кова́ • (ková)
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kovati.
кова • (kova) third-singular present, impf (perfective закова)
| l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | ковал | — | adjectival participle | кован | ||
| feminine | ковала | — | adverbial participle | ковајќи | ||
| neuter | ковало | — | verbal noun | ковање | ||
| plural | ковале | — | perfect participle | ковано | ||
| present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
| 1st singular | ковам | ковав | — | — | ||
| 2nd singular | коваш | коваше | — | ковај | ||
| 3rd singular | кова | коваше | — | — | ||
| 1st plural | коваме | ковавме | — | — | ||
| 2nd plural | ковате | ковавте | — | ковајте | ||
| 3rd plural | коваат | коваа | — | — | ||
| Compound tenses | ||||||
| perfect | сум ковал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-perfect | имам ковано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
| pluperfect | бев ковал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-pluperfect | имав ковано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| има-perfect reported | сум имал ковано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future | ќе ковам | ќе + present | ||||
| има-future | ќе имам ковано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future in the past | ќе ковав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
| има-future in the past | ќе имав ковано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future reported | ќе сум ковал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-future reported | ќе сум имал ковано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
| conditional | би ковал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-conditional | би имал ковано | conditional of има + perfect participle | ||||