копати

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Old Church Slavonic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kopati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kop-, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (to strike, beat).

Verb

копати (kopatiimpf

  1. to dig

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Bulgarian: копая (kopaja)
  • Macedonian: копа (kopa)

References

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kopati, see above.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kǒpati/
  • Hyphenation: ко‧па‧ти

Verb

ко̀пати impf (Latin spelling kòpati)

  1. (ambitransitive) to dig

Conjugation

Conjugation of копати
infinitive копати
present verbal adverb ко̀пајӯћи
past verbal adverb
verbal noun ко̀па̄ње
singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present копам копаш копа копамо копате копају
future future I копат ћу1
копаћу
копат ћеш1
копаћеш
копат ће1
копаће
копат ћемо1
копаћемо
копат ћете1
копаћете
копат ћē1
копаће
future II бу̏де̄м копао2 бу̏де̄ш копао2 бу̏де̄ копао2 бу̏де̄мо копали2 бу̏де̄те копали2 бу̏дӯ копали2
past perfect копао сам2 копао си2 копао је2 копали смо2 копали сте2 копали су2
pluperfect3 би̏о сам копао2 би̏о си копао2 би̏о је копао2 би́ли смо копали2 би́ли сте копали2 би́ли су копали2
imperfect копах копаше копаше копасмо копасте копаху
conditional conditional I копао бих2 копао би2 копао би2 копали бисмо2 копали бисте2 копали би2
conditional II4 би̏о бих копао2 би̏о би копао2 би̏о би копао2 би́ли бисмо копали2 би́ли бисте копали2 би́ли би копали2
imperative копај копајмо копајте
active past participle копао m / копала f / копало n копали m / копале f / копала n
passive past participle копан m / копана f / копано n копани m / копане f / копана n

1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

Ukrainian

Etymology 1

From Old East Slavic копати (kopati), from Proto-Slavic *kopati.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

копа́ти (kopátyimpf (perfective копну́ти) (transitive)

  1. to dig
  2. to dig out, to dig up, to excavate
  3. to mine, to quarry
  4. (figuratively) to dig, to search for, to research, to investigate
Conjugation
Derived terms
Prefixed verbs

Etymology 2

The same as etymology 1. Judging by the stress, quite possibly borrowed from Polish kopać.

Pronunciation

Verb

ко́пати (kópatyimpf (perfective ко́пнути) (transitive)

  1. to kick
    Synonyms: ударя́ти (udarjáty), би́ти (býty), брика́ти (brykáty), хви́ца́ти (xvýcáty)
Conjugation
Derived terms

References