копнути
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Ukrainian
Etymology 1
Probably inherited from Proto-Slavic *kopnǫti. By surface analysis, копа́ти (kopáty) + -ну́ти (-núty). Compare Russian копну́ть (kopnútʹ), Belarusian капну́ць (kapnúcʹ).
Pronunciation
Verb
копну́ти • (kopnúty) pf (imperfective копа́ти)
- (semelfactive, transitive) to dig
Conjugation
Conjugation of копну́ти, копну́ть (class 3b, perfective, transitive)
| perfective aspect | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | копну́ти, копну́ть kopnúty, kopnútʹ | |
| participles | present tense | past tense |
| active | — | — |
| passive | — | — |
| adverbial | — | копну́вши kopnúvšy |
| present tense | future tense | |
| 1st singular я |
— | копну́ kopnú |
| 2nd singular ти |
— | копне́ш kopnéš |
| 3rd singular він / вона / воно |
— | копне́ kopné |
| 1st plural ми |
— | копне́м, копнемо́ kopném, kopnemó |
| 2nd plural ви |
— | копнете́ kopneté |
| 3rd plural вони |
— | копну́ть kopnútʹ |
| imperative | singular | plural |
| first-person | — | копні́м, копні́мо kopním, kopnímo |
| second-person | копни́ kopný |
копні́ть kopnítʹ |
| past tense | singular | plural ми / ви / вони |
| masculine я / ти / він |
копну́в kopnúv |
копну́ли kopnúly |
| feminine я / ти / вона |
копну́ла kopnúla | |
| neuter воно |
копну́ло kopnúlo | |
Etymology 2
Possibly borrowed from Polish kopnąć (see ко́пати (kópaty)), from Proto-Slavic *kopnǫti. By surface analysis, ко́пати (kópaty) + -нути (-nuty).
Pronunciation
Verb
ко́пнути • (kópnuty) pf (imperfective ко́пати)
- (semelfactive, transitive) to kick
Conjugation
Conjugation of ко́пнути, ко́пнуть (class 3a, perfective, transitive)
| perfective aspect | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ко́пнути, ко́пнуть kópnuty, kópnutʹ | |
| participles | present tense | past tense |
| active | — | — |
| passive | — | — |
| adverbial | — | ко́пнувши kópnuvšy |
| present tense | future tense | |
| 1st singular я |
— | ко́пну kópnu |
| 2nd singular ти |
— | ко́пнеш kópneš |
| 3rd singular він / вона / воно |
— | ко́пне kópne |
| 1st plural ми |
— | ко́пнем, ко́пнемо kópnem, kópnemo |
| 2nd plural ви |
— | ко́пнете kópnete |
| 3rd plural вони |
— | ко́пнуть kópnutʹ |
| imperative | singular | plural |
| first-person | — | ко́пнім, ко́пнімо kópnim, kópnimo |
| second-person | ко́пни kópny |
ко́пніть kópnitʹ |
| past tense | singular | plural ми / ви / вони |
| masculine я / ти / він |
ко́пнув kópnuv |
ко́пнули kópnuly |
| feminine я / ти / вона |
ко́пнула kópnula | |
| neuter воно |
ко́пнуло kópnulo | |
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “копнути”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2016), “копнути”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 7 (кварта́л – кя́хтинський), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “копнути”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “копнути”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- “копнути”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)
- “копнути”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “копнути”, in Словник.ua (in Ukrainian)