кудо

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Eastern Mari

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkudo/
  • Rhymes: -udo
  • Hyphenation: ку‧до

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronoun

кудо (kudo)

  1. which, which one
    кудыжо сайрак?
    kudyžo sajrak?
    which one is better?
  2. (relative) that, which, what, who
    пӧръеҥ, кудо шолаште шинча, мыйын ачам
    pörjeŋ, kudo šolašte šinča, myjyn ačam
    the man who is sitting on the right is my father
  3. some, one/another, some/another, some/other
    кудо гутлаште черыш пурышым
    kudo gutlašte čeryš puryšym
    my health declined at some time or other
  4. some, some random (denoting something not deserving attention)
    мом кудо кӱлдымашым кутырен шинчет?
    mom kudo küldymašym kutyren šinčet?
    why are you sitting there talking some kind of nonsense?

Etymology 2

From Proto-Mari *kudə, from Proto-Uralic *kota. Cognate with Western Mari куды (kudy).

Noun

кудо (kudo)

  1. house, hut, cottage, home
  2. farmstead, farmhouse, peasant household
  3. (ethnography) summer kitchen
  4. (religion) place of sacrifice in sacred grove
Declension
Declension of кудо
singular plural
nominative кудо (kudo) кудо-влак (kudo-vlak)
accusative кудым (kudym) кудо-влакым (kudo-vlakym)
genitive кудын (kudyn) кудо-влакын (kudo-vlakyn)
dative кудылан (kudylan) кудо-влаклан (kudo-vlaklan)
comitative кудыге (kudyge) кудо-влакге (kudo-vlakge)
comparative кудыла (kudyla) кудо-влакла (kudo-vlakla)
inessive кудышто (kudyšto) кудо-влакыште (kudo-vlakyšte)
illative (short) кудыш (kudyš) кудо-влакыш (kudo-vlakyš)
illative (long) кудышко (kudyško) кудо-влакышке (kudo-vlakyške)
lative кудеш (kudeš) кудо-влакеш (kudo-vlakeš)
Possessed forms of кудо
singular plural
1st person кудем (kudem) кудына (kudyna)
2nd person кудет (kudet) кудыда (kudyda)
3rd person кудыжо (kudyžo) кудышт (kudyšt)

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

кудо (kudo)

  1. (anatomy) placenta, afterbirth
  2. (botany) capsule (shell around flower buds)
  3. (zoology) chrysalis, pupa, cocoon
  4. (zoology) larva, grub, maggot
  5. immature yolk in an egg
  6. (biology) embryo, fetus/foetus
Declension
Declension of кудо
singular plural
nominative кудо (kudo) кудо-влак (kudo-vlak)
accusative кудым (kudym) кудо-влакым (kudo-vlakym)
genitive кудын (kudyn) кудо-влакын (kudo-vlakyn)
dative кудылан (kudylan) кудо-влаклан (kudo-vlaklan)
comitative кудыге (kudyge) кудо-влакге (kudo-vlakge)
comparative кудыла (kudyla) кудо-влакла (kudo-vlakla)
inessive кудышто (kudyšto) кудо-влакыште (kudo-vlakyšte)
illative (short) кудыш (kudyš) кудо-влакыш (kudo-vlakyš)
illative (long) кудышко (kudyško) кудо-влакышке (kudo-vlakyške)
lative кудеш (kudeš) кудо-влакеш (kudo-vlakeš)
Possessed forms of кудо
singular plural
1st person кудем (kudem) кудына (kudyna)
2nd person кудет (kudet) кудыда (kudyda)
3rd person кудыжо (kudyžo) кудышт (kudyšt)

References

  • J. Bradley et al. (2023) “кудо”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna

Erzya

Кудо.

Etymology

From Proto-Mordvinic *kudə, inherited Proto-Uralic *kota (hut, tent, tepee). Cognates include Finnish kota, Estonian koda, Livonian kuodā, Kildin Sami куэдтҍ (kuedt’), Eastern Mari кудо (kudo), Hungarian ház.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kudo/
  • Rhymes: -udo
  • Hyphenation: ку‧до

Noun

кудо (kudo)

  1. house (building)
    • 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 22:
      I molź pizeme i saź pokš ved, i puvaźt varmat, saźt te kudośt langs, i kudoś eź prak, seks meks putoź uľneź käv langs.
      The rain came down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and beat against that house; yet it did not fall, because it had its foundation on the rock.
  2. home (dwelling)
  3. room
    Synonyms: нупаль (nupaľ), комната (komnata)
    ознома кудоoznoma kudoa prayer room

Declension

References