леден

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Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *leděnъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Adjective

ле́ден (léden) (adverb ле́дено, abstract noun леденина́)

  1. (relational) ice
    ле́ден късléden kǎsiceberg
  2. ice-cold, freezing
  3. (figurative) icy

Declension

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *leděnъ.

Pronunciation

Adjective

леден (leden) (comparative поледен, superlative најледен, abstract noun леденост)

  1. icy, glacial, frigid

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *leděnъ. Cognate with Russian ледяной (ledjanoj).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /lêden/
  • Hyphenation: лед‧ен

Adjective

ле̏ден (Latin spelling lȅden, definite ле̏денӣ, comparative ледѐнијӣ)

  1. (relational) ice; icy, glacial
  2. cold, frigid, chilled
  3. crystalline, clear and transparent
  4. (relational) ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum)
  5. (figuratively) unwelcoming, coldhearted, unfeeling
  6. (figuratively) (of fear, doubt, or surprise) immobilizing

Usage notes

Historically, ле̏дан primarily meant “of or relating to ice”, while ле̏ден primarily meant “made of ice”, but each was often used for the other; today, ле̏ден is by far the more common of the two.

Declension

Synonyms

References

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Pero Budmani, editor (1898–1903), “leden”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 5, Zagreb: JAZU, page 950