лук

Belarusian

Belarusian Wikipedia has an article on:

лук

Wikipedia ^be

Alternative forms

• łuk — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

Etymology

From Old East Slavic лукъ (lukŭ), from Proto-Slavic *lǫkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankás, from Proto-Indo-European *lenk- (“to bend”). Cognate with Polish łęk, Old Church Slavonic лѫкъ (lǫkŭ), etc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́кі, genitive plural лу́каў)

1. bow (weapon used for shooting arrows)

Declension

See also

• страла́ (stralá)

References

• “лук” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
• “лук”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)

Bulgarian

Bulgarian Wikipedia has an article on:

лук

Wikipedia ^bg

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lukъ, from Proto-Germanic *laukaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

лук • (luk) m (relational adjective лу́чен or лу́ков, diminutive лу́кче or лу́чец)

1. (collective, uncountable) onion (monocotyledonous flowering plant of genus Allium)

   глава́ лук ― glavá luk ― a bulb of onion

   пре́сен лук ― présen luk ― spring, fresh onion

   сгазвам лука (idiom)

   sgazvam luka

   to get in trouble

   (literally, “to trample over the onions”)

Declension

Hyponyms

• обикнове́н лук (obiknovén luk), кроми́д лук (kromíd luk), черве́н лук (červén luk, “common onion, Allium cepa”)
• див лук (div luk), мечи лук (meči luk, “ramson, Allium ursinum”)
• чесно́в лук (česnóv luk), бял лук (bjal luk, “garlic, Allium sativum”)
• праз лук (praz luk), зе́лен лук (zélen luk, “leek, Allium porum”)
• твърд лук (tvǎrd luk, “bunching onion, Allium fistulosum”)
• вла́шки лук (vláški luk), га́рвански лук (gárvanski luk, “chives, Allium schoenoprasum”)
• лива́дски лук (livádski luk), ко́нски лук (kónski luk, “star-of-Bethlehem, Ornithogalum”)

Derived terms

• лука́р m (lukár), лука́рка f (lukárka, “onion farmer/seller”)
• лука́ш (lukáš, “onion plantation”) (dialectal)
• лу́ковица (lúkovica, “bulb”) (botany)
• лу́ковина (lúkovina), лу́чина (lúčina, “onion chaff”) (dialectal)
• лучня́к (lučnják, “onion planter”) (instrumental noun)

References

• “лук”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “лук”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov (1899) “лукъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 30
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лук¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 496

Komi-Zyrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian лук (luk).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈluk/,
• Hyphenation: лук

Noun

лук • (luk)

1. onion

Declension

References

• Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language] (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 31
• L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 361

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lukъ, from Proto-Germanic *laukaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

лук • (luk) m (diminutive лукче)

1. garlic

   чешне лук ― češne luk ― a clove of garlic

Declension

Further reading

• “лук” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) − drmj.eu
• “лук” in Официјален дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Oficijalen digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) − makedonski.gov.mk (in Macedonian)
• лук in Makedonisch Info (germansko-makedonski rečnik, makedonsko-germanski rečnik)

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

• Homophone: луг (lug)

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lukъ, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *laukaz (compare German Lauch, English leek, Old Norse laukr whence Danish løg and Swedish lök). Cognates include Polabian lāuk, Bulgarian лук (luk) and Slovene and Serbo-Croatian luk.

Alternative forms

• лукъ (luk) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́ки, genitive plural лу́ков, relational adjective лу́ковый)

1. (usually uncountable, collectively) onion, onions

   зелёный лук ― zeljónyj luk ― scallion

   лук-поре́й ― luk-poréj ― leek

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

• → Komi-Zyrian: лук (luk)
• → Skolt Sami: luukk
• → Southern Sami: lööke
• → Yakut: луук (luuk)

Etymology 2

from Old East Slavic лукъ (lukŭ), from Proto-Slavic *lǫkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankás, from Proto-Indo-European *lenk- (“to bend”). Cognate with Lithuanian lankas.

Alternative forms

• лукъ (luk) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́ки, genitive plural лу́ков)

1. bow (weapon used for shooting arrows)

Declension

Related terms

• лу́чник (lúčnik)

See also

• стрела́ f (strelá), арбале́т m (arbalét)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English look.

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́ки, genitive plural лу́ков)

1. (colloquial) appearance, clothing style, look

Declension

Etymology 4

Alternative forms

• лукъ (luk) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Noun

лук • (luk) f inan pl

1. genitive plural of лука́ (luká)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lukъ, from Proto-Germanic *laukaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lûk/

Noun

лу̏к m (Latin spelling lȕk)

1. onion
2. (regional) garlic
3. any Allium species

Declension

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lǫkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankás, from Proto-Indo-European *lenk- (“to bend”). Cognate with Lithuanian lankas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lûːk/

Noun

лу̑к m (Latin spelling lȗk)

1. bow (weapon used for shooting arrows)
2. arch

Declension

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Old Ukrainian лукъ (luk), from Old East Slavic лукъ (lukŭ), from Proto-Slavic *lǫkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankás, from Proto-Indo-European *lenk- (“to bend”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́ки, genitive plural лу́ків)

1. bow (weapon used for shooting arrows)

Declension

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “лук”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “лук”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)