махам

Bulgarian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *maxati. By surface analysis, мах (mah, “swish”) +‎ -ам (-am).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

ма́хам • (máham) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective ма́хна)

1. (intransitive, transitive) to wave
2. (intransitive) to move to and fro, to sway (with a body's member or a tool)

   махам с па́лка ― maham s pálka ― to wave with a baton

3. (intransitive) to gesticulate, to signal by waving

   махам някому да ... ― maham njakomu da ... ― to signal to somebody to ...

4. (transitive) to wag, to flap, to swing

   куче маха опашка

   kuče maha opaška

   a dog is wagging tail

Conjugation

Derived terms

• ма́хвам (máhvam) (semelfactive)
• замахам pf (zamaham), замахвам impf (zamahvam)
• намахам pf (namaham), намахвам impf (namahvam)
• омахам pf (omaham), омахвам impf (omahvam, “to swing at, to whip”)
• помахам pf (pomaham), помахвам impf (pomahvam)
• размахам pf (razmaham), размахвам impf (razmahvam)
• смахам се pf (smaham se), смахвам се impf (smahvam se)
• маха́ло (mahálo, “pendelum”), маха́лка (mahálka, “roller, bat”)

Related terms

• ма́я (mája, “to sway”), ма́я се (mája se, “to to hesitate”)

References

• “махам¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “махам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “махам, махна, махнувам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 691

Etymology 2

From Etymology 1 via semantic shift: “to wave, to swing” → “to move/transfer from one place to another” → “to get rid of”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

ма́хам • (máham) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective ма́хна)

1. (transitive) to remove
2. (transitive) to get rid of, to clean off
3. (reflexive with си) tо take off (one's belongings)

   махам си часовника от ръката

   maham si časovnika ot rǎkata

   to take off one's watch from their hand

4. (reflexive with се) to disappear, to get out, to begone

   Махай се! ― Mahaj se! ― Get out!

Conjugation

Derived terms

• ма́хвам (máhvam) (semelfactive)
• домахам pf (domaham), домахвам impf (domahvam, “to eradicate”)
• измахам pf (izmaham), измахвам impf (izmahvam, “to remove one by one”)
• отмахам pf (otmaham), отмахвам impf (otmahvam)
• премахам pf (premaham), премахвам impf (premahvam)

References

• “махам²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

ма́хам • (máxam) m inan pl

1. dative plural of мах (max)