ош
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Хельсинки ош.
Ош. 
Ош.
Ошъёс.
See also: Appendix:Variations of "os"
Eastern Mari
Etymology
From Proto-Mari , possibly from Proto-Uralic *ačka. Cognate with Western Mari oшы (ošy).
Pronunciation
Adjective
References
- J. Bradley et al. (2023) “ош”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna
Erzya
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *oš, from Proto-Uralic *woča (“fence; fishweir”). Cognate with Finnish otava, Northern Sami oahci, Lule Sami oahtse, among others.
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš)
- town
- 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 9:
- Seste sajize sońze šaitan sv’ätoi ošs i sťavtyze tserkvań veľťamo langso.
- Then the devil took him to the holy city and had him stand on the highest point of the temple.
Declension
| case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (...) |
ош (oš) | ошт (ošt) |
| genitive (of ...) |
ошонь (ošoń) | — |
| dative (to ...) |
ошнэнь (ošnëń) | — |
| ablative (than ...) |
ошдо (ošdo) | — |
| inessive (in ...) |
ошсо (ošso) | — |
| elative (out of ...) |
ошсто (ošsto) | — |
| illative (into ...) |
ошс (ošs) | — |
| prolative (through ...) |
ошга (ošga) | — |
| translative (becoming ...) |
ошкс (ošks) | — |
| comparative (like ...) |
ошшка (ošška) | — |
| abessive (without ...) |
оштомо (oštomo) | — |
Derived terms
References
- ош (oš) in Álgu-tietokanta, Kotimaisten kielten keskus
- Entry #1155 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Komi-Yazva
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Etymology
From Proto-Permic *ɔš. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian ош (oš) and Komi-Permyak ош (oš).
Pronunciation
Noun
ош (oš)
Derived terms
adjectives
- ошөвөй (ošåvåj)
References
- A. S. Lobanova, K. S. Kichigina (2012) Русско-Коми-язьвинский словарь (overall work in Russian), Perm: ПГГПУ, →ISBN, page 143
- V. I. Lytkin (1961) Коми-язьвинский диалект (overall work in Russian), Moscow: Издательство Академии наук СССР, page 157
Komi-Zyrian
Etymology
From Proto-Permic *ɔš. Cognates include Komi-Permyak ош (oš) and Komi-Yazva ош (oš).
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš)
Declension
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ош (oš) | ошъяс (ošjas) | |
| accusative | I 1 | ош (oš) | ошъяс (ošjas) |
| II 1 | ошкӧс (oškös) | ошъясӧс (ošjasös) | |
| instrumental | ошкӧн (oškön) | ошъясӧн (ošjasön) | |
| comitative | ошкӧд (ošköd) | ошъяскӧд (ošjasköd) | |
| caritive | оштӧг (oštög) | ошъястӧг (ošjastög) | |
| consecutive | ошла (ošla) | ошъясла (ošjasla) | |
| genitive | ошлӧн (ošlön) | ошъяслӧн (ošjaslön) | |
| ablative | ошлысь (ošlyś) | ошъяслысь (ošjaslyś) | |
| dative | ошлы (ošly) | ошъяслы (ošjasly) | |
| inessive | ошкын (oškyn) | ошъясын (ošjasyn) | |
| elative | ошкысь (oškyś) | ошъясысь (ošjasyś) | |
| illative | ошкӧ (oškö) | ошъясӧ (ošjasö) | |
| egressive | ошсянь (ošśań) | ошъяссянь (ošjasśań) | |
| approximative | ошлань (ošlań) | ошъяслань (ošjaslań) | |
| terminative | ошкӧдз (ošködź) | ошъясӧдз (ošjasödź) | |
| prolative | I | ошкӧд (ošköd) | ошъясӧд (ošjasöd) |
| II | ошті (ošti) | ошъясті (ošjasti) | |
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
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Derived terms
References
- Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного коми языка (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 32
- Anu-Reet Hauzenberg (1972) Названия животных в коми языке , Tallinn: Estonian Academy of Sciences, page 24
- L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь , →ISBN, page 458
Moksha
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *woča. Cognate with Erzya ош (oš).
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš)
- city, town
- Oahpa, University of Tromsø
- ошста ошс ― ošsta ošs ― from city to city
- ошса ― ošsa ― in city
- ошень ― ošeń ― of city; such that is characteristic of city
- Oahpa, University of Tromsø
Usage notes
Cygankin gives the prolative form ошка (oška) but Golenkov — ошева (oševa).
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ош (oš) | ошт (ošt) |
| genitive | ошень (ošeń) | — |
| dative | ошенди (ošendi) | — |
| ablative | ошта (ošta) | — |
| inessive | ошса (ošsa) | — |
| elative | ошста (ošsta) | — |
| illative | ошс (ošs) | — |
| prolative | ошева (oševa) | — |
| comparative | ошшка (ošška) | — |
| translative | ошекс (ošeks) | — |
| abessive | ошфтома (ošftoma) | — |
| causative | ошенкса (ošenksa) | — |
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ошсь (ošś) | ошне (ošne) |
| genitive | ошть (ošť) | ошнень (ošneń) |
| dative | ошти (ošti) | ошненди (ošnendi) |
Possessive declension of ош
| first person singular (монь (moń)) | ||
|---|---|---|
| one possession | multiple possessions | |
| nominative | ошезе (ošeze) | ошне (ošne) |
| genitive | ошезень (ošezeń) | ошнень (ošneń) |
| dative | ошезти (ošezti) | ошненди (ošnendi) |
| ablative | оштон (ošton) | |
| inessive | ошсон (ošson) | |
| elative | ошстон (ošston) | |
| illative | ошезон (ošezon) | |
| prolative | ошеван (oševan) | |
| comparative | ошшкан (ošškan) | |
| abessive | ошфтомон (ošftomon) | |
| second person singular (тонь (toń)) | ||
| one possession | multiple possessions | |
| nominative | ошце (ošce) | ошне (ošne) |
| genitive | ошцень (ošceń) | ошнень (ošneń) |
| dative | ошценди (ošcendi) | ошненди (ošnendi) |
| ablative | оштот (oštot) | |
| inessive | ошсот (ošsot) | |
| elative | ошстот (ošstot) | |
| illative | ошезт (ošezt) | |
| prolative | ошеват (oševat) | |
| comparative | ошшкат (ošškat) | |
| abessive | ошфтомот (ošftomot) | |
| third person singular (сонь (soń)) | ||
| one possession | multiple possessions | |
| nominative | ошец (ošec) | ошенза (ošenza) |
| genitive | ошенц (ošenc) | ошензон (ošenzon) |
| dative | ошенцты (ošenctï) | ошензонды (ošenzondï) |
| ablative | оштонза (oštonza) | |
| inessive | ошсонза (ošsonza) | |
| elative | ошстонза (ošstonza) | |
| illative | ошезонза (ošezonza) | |
| prolative | ошеванза (oševanza) | |
| comparative | ошшканза (ošškanza) | |
| abessive | ошфтомонза (ošftomonza) | |
| first person plural (минь (miń)) | ||
| one or multiple possessions | ||
| nominative | ошеньке (ošeńke) | |
| genitive | ошеньконь (ošeńkoń) | |
| dative | ошеньконди (ošeńkondi) | |
| ablative | оштонк (oštonk) | |
| inessive | ошсонк (ošsonk) | |
| elative | ошстонк (ošstonk) | |
| illative | ошезонк (ošezonk) | |
| prolative | ошеванк (oševank) | |
| comparative | ошшканк (ošškank) | |
| abessive | ошфтомонк (ošftomonk) | |
| second person plural (тинь (tiń)) | ||
| one or multiple possessions | ||
| nominative | ошенте (ošente) | |
| genitive | ошентень (ošenteń) | |
| dative | ошентенди (ošentendi) | |
| ablative | оштонт (oštont) | |
| inessive | ошсонт (ošsont) | |
| elative | ошстонт (ošstont) | |
| illative | ошезонт (ošezont) | |
| prolative | ошевант (oševant) | |
| comparative | ошшкант (ošškant) | |
| abessive | ошфтомонт (ošftomont) | |
| third person plural (синь (siń)) | ||
| one or multiple possessions | ||
| nominative | ошсна (ošsna) | |
| genitive | ошснон (ošsnon) | |
| dative | ошснонды (ošsnondï) | |
| ablative | оштост (oštost) | |
| inessive | ошсост (ošsost) | |
| elative | ошстост (ošstost) | |
| illative | ошезост (ošezost) | |
| prolative | ошеваст (oševast) | |
| comparative | ошшкаст (ošškast) | |
| abessive | ошфтомост (ošftomost) | |
References
- Indefinite paradigm in Cygankin, D. V. (1980) Grammatika mordovskix jazykov. Fonetika, grafika, orfografija, morfologija (in Russian), Saransk, page 153
- Indefinite and definite paradigms in Nikolaj Golenkov (2009) Govorim po-mokšanski — Korxtatama mokšeks: razgovornik , Saransk: Izdatelʹskij dom «Kniga», →ISBN, page 70
Northern Altai
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *abuč. Cognate to Khakas оос (oos), Shor ош (oš), оош (ooš), Tofa оъш (oʺš), etc.
Noun
ош • (oš)
References
- N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “ош”, in Severnyje dialekty Altajskovo (Ojrotskovo Jazyka- Dialekt kumandincev(Kumandin Kiži) , Moskva: glavnaja redakcija vostočnoja literatury, →ISBN, page 237
Tajik
Etymology
Inherited from Classical Persian آش (āš), see there for more.
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš) (Persian spelling آش)
Derived terms
- оши палов (oš-i palov)
Udmurt
Etymology
From Proto-Permic *ɔ̇š, from Proto-Uralic *uškɜ, borrowed from an Indo-European language, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn (compare Sanskrit उक्षन् (ukṣan) and English ox). Cognates include Eastern Mari ӱшкыж (üškyž).
Permic cognates include Komi-Zyrian ӧш (öš) and Komi-Permyak ӧшка (öška).
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ош oš |
ошъёс ošjos |
| accusative | ошез ošez |
ошъёсыз ošjosyz |
| genitive | ошлэн ošlen |
ошъёслэн ošjoslen |
| dative | ошлы ošly |
ошъёслы ošjosly |
| ablative | ошлэсь ošleś |
ошъёслэсь ošjosleś |
| instrumental | ошен ošen |
ошъёсын ošjosyn |
| abessive | оштэк oštek |
ошъёстэк ošjostek |
| adverbial | ошъя ošja |
ошъёсъя ošjosja |
| inessive | ошын ošyn |
ошъёсын ošjosyn |
| illative | оше oše |
ошъёсы ošjosy |
| elative | ошысь ošyś |
ошъёсысь ošjosyś |
| egressive | ошысьен ošyśjen |
ошъёсысьен ošjosyśjen |
| terminative | ошозь ošoź |
ошъёсозь ošjosoź |
| prolative | ошетӥ ošeti |
ошъёсытӥ ošjosyti |
| allative | ошлань ošlań |
ошъёслань ošjoslań |
|
Derived terms
References
- L. E. Kirillova, L. L. Karpova, editors (2008), “ош”, in Удмурт-ӟуч кыллюкам , Izhevsk: Удмуртский институт истории, языка и литературы УрО РАН, →ISBN, page 500
- T. V. Voronova, T. A. Poyarkova, editor (2012), Удмурт-ӟуч, ӟуч-удмурт кыллюкам (overall work in Russian), Izhevsk: Книжное издательство «Удмуртия», →ISBN, page 55
- Yrjö Wichmann, Toivo Emil Uotila (1987) Mikko Korhonen, editor, Wotjakischer Wortschatz (Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae; Volume 21) (overall work in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 185