стоять

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic стоꙗти (stojati), from Proto-Slavic *stojati (“to stand”), from Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂-.

Pronunciation

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Verb

стоя́ть • (stojátʹ) impf (perfective постоя́ть, verbal noun стоя́ние)

1. to stand

   Ва́за стои́т на столе́. ― Váza stoít na stolé. ― The vase is standing on the table.

   Челове́к стои́т посреди́ ко́мнаты. ― Čelovék stoít posredí kómnaty. ― The person is standing in the middle of the room.

2. to be situated (usually about a towering or potentially towering object)

   Пари́ж стои́т на Се́не. ― Paríž stoít na Séne. ― Paris stands on the Seine.

3. (figuratively) to be in a certain place within a formal structure

   У вла́сти стои́т престу́пная кли́ка. ― U vlásti stoít prestúpnaja klíka. ― Within the government stands a criminal clique.

   Э́тот челове́к стои́т в организа́ционной иера́рхии вы́ше всех.

   Étot čelovék stoít v organizácionnoj ijerárxii výše vsex.

   This person stands above everyone in the organisational hierarchy.

4. (figuratively) (+ на (na) + prepositional) to firmly follow or adhere to something

   Он упо́рно стоя́л на своём. ― On upórno stojál na svojóm. ― He stubbornly held his ground. (literally, “He stubbornly stood on his own .”)

   Мы стои́м на при́нципе ра́венства. ― My stoím na príncipe rávenstva. ― We stand on the principle of equality.

5. (figuratively) to be idle, to be in a state of malfunction or downtime

   Маши́ны стоя́т. ― Mašíny stoját. ― The machines are at a standstill.

   Часы́ стоя́т. ― Časý stoját. ― The clock is stuck.

6. (figuratively) to withstand, to survive, to not succumb

   В э́том бою́ они́ стоя́ли на́смерть. ― V étom bojú oní stojáli násmertʹ. ― In this battle, they withstood to the death.

7. (colloquial) (figuratively) to be in line, to be in a queue

   Я стоя́л за хле́бом с двух часо́в. ― Ja stojál za xlébom s dvux časóv. ― I've been standing for bread since two o'clock.

   Он стои́т в о́череди на опера́цию тре́тьим, сра́зу за свои́м сосе́дом по пала́те.

   On stoít v óčeredi na operáciju trétʹim, srázu za svoím sosédom po paláte.

   He stands third in line for surgery, immediately behind his wardmate.

8. (figuratively) to be frozen
   • 1931, Lev Sheinin, Strangers in the Tundra:

     Ни́же, под на́сыпью, протека́ла река́ Ко́ла, ещё стоя́вшая в э́то вре́мя.

     Níže, pod násypʹju, protekála reká Kóla, ješčó stojávšaja v éto vrémja.

     Below, under the embankment, the Kola river was flowing, still frozen at this time.

9. (imperative) expresses a demand to stop or stop moving

   Стой, ты же навреди́шь себе́. ― Stoj, ty že navredíšʹ sebé. ― Wait, you're going to hurt yourself.

10. (figuratively) to be erect

Usage notes

• Not to be confused with most of the conjugation forms pertaining to сто́ить (stóitʹ). Note the difference in stress between forms of the same spelling.

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

• станови́ться impf (stanovítʹsja), ста́ть pf (státʹ)
• ста́вить (stávitʹ)
• засто́й (zastój), насто́й (nastój), насто́йка (nastójka), настоя́ние (nastojánije), отста́ивание (otstáivanije), отсто́й (otstój), посто́й (postój), предстояние (predstojanije), просто́й (prostój), состоя́ние (sostojánije), соста́в (sostáv), усто́й (ustój), уста́в (ustáv)

Ukrainian

Pronunciation

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Verb

стоя́ть • (stojátʹ)

1. inflection of стоя́ти (stojáty):
   1. infinitive
   2. third-person plural present indicative