те
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Bulgarian
Etymology
From earlier тѣ. Formed under the influence of тѣхъ (těxŭ), тѣмъ (těmŭ), тѣми (těmi).
Pronunciation
Pronoun
те • (te) (personal)
- They; the third-person plural pronoun in the nominative case, used as the subject of a verb.
- Те току-що пристигнаха.
- Te toku-što pristignaha.
- They have just arrived.
- Те са по-ниски от мен.
- Te sa po-niski ot men.
- They are shorter than me.
- short form of the second-person singular pronoun in the accusative case, used as the direct object of a verb; you
- Обичам те.
- Običam te.
- I love you.
- Може ли да те попитам нещо?
- Može li da te popitam nešto?
- Can I ask you something?
Related terms
Bulgarian personal pronouns
| Number | Person | Gender | Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct complement) |
Dative (indirect complement) |
Prepositional | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full | Short | Full | Short | |||||
| Singular | First | — | аз (az) | мен (men) ме́не (méne) |
ме (me) | ме́не (méne) | ми (mi) | мен (men) ме́не (méne) |
| Second | Informal | ти (ti) | теб (teb) те́бе (tébe) |
те (te) | те́бе (tébe) | ти (ti) | теб (teb) те́бе (tébe) | |
| Formal | Ви́е (Víe) | Вас (Vas) | Ви (Vi) | Вам (Vam) | Ви (Vi) | Вас (Vas) | ||
| Third | Masculine | той (toj) | не́го (négo) | го (go) | не́му (nému) | му (mu) | не́го (négo) | |
| Feminine | тя (tja) | не́я (néja) | я (ja) | ней (nej) | ѝ (ì) | не́я (néja) | ||
| Neuter | то (to) | не́го (négo) | го (go) | не́му (nému) | му (mu) | не́го (négo) | ||
| Plural | First | — | ни́е (níe) ний (nij) |
нас (nas) | ни (ni) | нам (nam) | ни (ni) | нас (nas) |
| Second | Informal | ви́е (víe) вий (vij) |
вас (vas) | ви (vi) | вам (vam) | ви (vi) | вас (vas) | |
| Formal | Ви́е (Víe) | Вас (Vas) | Ви (Vi) | Вам (Vam) | Ви (Vi) | Вас (Vas) | ||
| Third | — | те (te) | тях (tjah) | ги (gi) | тям (tjam) | им (im) | тях (tjah) | |
Eastern Mari
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Pronoun
те • (te)
- (personal) you (plural and/or formal)
- те марла кутыреда?
- te marla kutyreda?
- do you speak Mari?
Related terms
pronouns
- тендан (tendan)
References
- J. Bradley et al. (2023) “те”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna
Erzya
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *ťä~*tä, from Proto-Uralic *tä (“this”). Cognate with Moksha тя (ťa), Finnish tämä, Estonian tema, Skolt Sami tät, Udmurt та (ta), Hungarian teg- in tegnap, Tundra Nenets тей (ťej).
Pronunciation
Pronoun
те • (ťe)
- this
- Мон важодян те столенть экшсэ.
- Mon važoďan ťe stoľenť ekšse.
- I work at this desk.
- 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 29:
- I tuź kuľa tede vese te mastorga
- News of this spread through all that region
- (literally, “all this region”)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | те (ťe) | неть (ńeť), не (ńe), нетне (ńetńe) |
| genitive | тень (ťeń) | нетнень (ńetńeń), нень (ńeń) |
| dative | тенень (ťeńeń) | нетненень (ńetńeńeń), ненень (ńeńeń) |
| ablative | теде (ťeďe) | нетнеде (ńetńeďe), ненде (ńenďe) |
| inessive | теньсэ (ťeńse), тень эйсэ (ťeń ejse) | нетнесэ (ńetńese), неньсэ (ńeńse) |
| elative | теньстэ (ťeńste), тень эйстэ (ťeń ejste) | нетнестэ (ńetńeste), неньстэ (ńeńste) |
| illative | теньс (ťeńs), тень эйс (ťeń ejs) | нетнес (ńetńes), неньс (ńeńs) |
| prolative | теньга (ťeńga), тень эзга (ťeń ezga) | нетнева (ńetńeva), неньга (ńeńga) |
| translative | текс (ťeks) | нетнекс (ńetńeks), ненькс (ńeńks) |
| abessive | тентеме (ťenťeme) | нетневтеме (ńetńevťeme), нентеме (ńenťeme) |
| comparative | теньшка (ťeńška) | нетнешка (ńetńeška), неньшка (ńeńška) |
References
- B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “те”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
- Entry #1034 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial, Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.
Macedonian
Pronunciation
Conjunction
те • (te)
Pronoun
те • (te)
- Short direct object form of ти (ti).
Russian
Pronunciation
Determiner
те • (te) pl (demonstrative)
- inflection of тот (tot):
Pronoun
те • (te) pl (demonstrative)
- inflection of тот (tot):
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
Pronoun
те (Latin spelling te)
Declension
Declension of те
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ta. Compare Ukrainian та (ta).
Conjunction
те (Latin spelling te)
Udi
Etymology
Determiner
те • (te)
- no
- -Ви баба арене? -Те.
- -Have your dad arrived? -No
- -Ви баба арене? -Те.
Further reading
- Gippert J., Schulze W., Aleksidze Z., Mahé J.-P., editors (2009), The Caucasian Albanian Palimpsests of Mount Sinai (Monumenta Palaeographica Medii Aevi: Series Ibero-Caucasica; 2), volume 1, Turnhout: Brepols, →ISBN, page II-55
- Gukasjan, Vorošil (1974) “те”, in Удинско-азербайджанско-русский словарь [Udi–Azerbaijani–Russian Dictionary], Baku: Academy Press, page 204
Ukrainian
Pronunciation
Determiner
те • (te)
- nominative/accusative neuter singular of той (toj)