улс

Kalmyk

Etymology

From Written Oirat ᡇᠯᡇᠰ (ulus), from Common Turkic *uluš (“country; city”). Compare also Buryat улас (ulas), Mongolian улс (uls); Tuvan улус (ulus), Southern Altai улус (ulus), Shor улус (ulus), Khakas улус (ulus); etc.

The sense "country" is obsolete in spoken speech, although revived (probably by borrowing from Mongolian улс (uls)) by language revivalists.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /uˈləs/, /ulˈsə/

Noun

улс • (uls)

1. people
   1. people (of one nation or ethnic group)
   2. population (people living within one geographical boundary)
   3. folk (a particular group of people); those who

      талвңд хурсн улс ― talvñd xursn uls ― those who have gathered in the square

2. (obsolete) state, country

   Synonyms: таңһч (tañğç), орн-нутг (orn-nutg)

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Mongolian

Etymology

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠋ (ulus), from Middle Mongol ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠋ (ʾwɽwz /⁠ulus⁠/), from Common Turkic *uluš (“country; city”). Compare Khamnigan Mongol улас (ulas, “people; country, state”), Buryat улад (ulad, “people”), улас (ulas, “country, state”), Kalmyk улс (uls, “people; state”); Tuvan улус (ulus, “people”), Southern Altai улус (ulus, “people; village”), Khakas улус (ulus, “people; close relatives; blood relatives of a married woman”); Old Uyghur 'wlwš (uluš, “country”); also Russian улу́с m inan (ulús, “Siberian village”); etc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʊ.lʊs/
• (Khalkh, Mongolia) IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: улс

Noun

улс • (uls); (regular declension)

1. state, country, nation, polity, commonwealth
2. people, folk
3. neighbour

Declension

Synonyms

• (country): орон (oron); нутаг (nutag)
• (state): гүрэн (güren); төр (tör)
• (people): зон (zon); ард (ard); иргэн (irgen)
• түмэн (tümen)

Derived terms

See also

• аймаг (ajmag, “tribe”)
• отог (otog)