ум

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *umъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Rhymes: -um

Noun

ум • (um) m

1. mind, intellect, brains, brain, grey matter, nous, grey cells

   Synonyms: акъл (akǎl), интелект (intelekt), разум (razum)

Declension

Anagrams

• му (mu)

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *umъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Rhymes: -um

Noun

ум • (um) m (plural умови, relational adjective умен, diminutive умче, augmentative умиште)

1. intellect, intelligence, mind, wit, brain

   Synonyms: акал m (akal), мозок m (mozok), памет (pamet)

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• “ум” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) − drmj.eu
• “ум” in Официјален дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Oficijalen digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) − makedonski.gov.mk (in Macedonian)
• ум in Makedonisch Info (germansko-makedonski rečnik, makedonsko-germanski rečnik)

Russian

Alternative forms

• умъ (um) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *umъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

ум • (um) m inan (genitive ума́, nominative plural умы́, genitive plural умо́в, augmentative уми́ще, pejorative уми́шко)

1. mind

   в своём уме́ ― v svojóm umé ― in one's senses, in one's right mind

   не в своём уме́ ― ne v svojóm umé ― not right in the head, out of one's sense

   взя́ться за ум ― vzjátʹsja za um ― clean up one's act

   у него́ ум за ра́зум зашёл ― u nevó um za rázum zašól ― he went crazy

   прийти́ на ум ― prijtí na um ― to occur, to cross one's mind

   своди́ть/свести́ с ума́ ― svodítʹ/svestí s umá ― to drive crazy

2. intellect
3. cleverness, brains, wit
4. reason

Declension

Synonyms

• интелле́кт (intellékt)
• ра́зум (rázum)
• рассуди́тельность (rassudítelʹnostʹ)
• соображе́ние (soobražénije)
• сообрази́тельность (soobrazítelʹnostʹ)

Derived terms

• сойти́ с ума́ pf (sojtí s umá)

Related terms

• умне́ть (umnétʹ), поумне́ть (poumnétʹ)
• у́мник (úmnik)
• у́мница (úmnica)
• у́мный (úmnyj)

Further reading

• ум in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *umъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ûːm/

Noun

у̑м m (Latin spelling ȗm)

1. mind
2. intellect
3. wit

Declension

Southern Altai

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ɨm.

Noun

ум • (um)

1. secret sign

References

Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura

Udmurt

Etymology

From Proto-Permic *on, from Proto-Uralic *adema. Cognates include Northern Mansi ӯлум (ūlum) and Moksha удома (udoma).

Permic cognates include Komi-Zyrian ун (un) and Komi-Permyak он (on).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Rhymes: -um
• Hyphenation: ум

Noun

ум • (um)

1. sleep
2. dream

Declension

References

• L. E. Kirillova, L. L. Karpova, editors (2008), “ум”, in Удмурт-ӟуч кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian dictionary], Izhevsk: Удмуртский институт истории, языка и литературы УрО РАН, →ISBN, page 695
• Yrjö Wichmann, Toivo Emil Uotila (1987) Mikko Korhonen, editor, Wotjakischer Wortschatz [Votyak Vocabulary] (Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae; Volume 21) (overall work in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 297

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *umъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• (file)

Noun

ум • (um) m inan (genitive ума́, nominative plural уми́, genitive plural умі́в)

1. (somewhat dated) intelligence

   Synonym: ро́зум (rózum)

2. (somewhat dated) reason, wit

Declension

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “ум”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “ум”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)
• “ум”, in Словник.ua (in Ukrainian)