чука

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Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *čuka, limited to South Slavic languages. Possibly of Paleo-Balkan origin (compare Albanian çukë (hill; beak), Romanian cioc (beak), Romanian ciucă (peak)) or native related to Bulgarian чу́кам (čúkam, to hew, to forge), ку́ка (kúka, hook). In the later case, the word would be akin to English height.

Noun

чу́ка (čúkaf

  1. rocky hillock, peak

Declension

Declension of чу́ка
singular plural
indefinite чу́ка
čúka
чу́ки
čúki
definite чу́ката
čúkata
чу́ките
čúkite

Derived terms

References

  • чука”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • чука”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čuka.

Noun

чука (čukaf (plural чуки)

  1. rocky peak
Declension
Declension of чука
singular plural
indefinite чука (čuka) чуки (čuki)
definite unspecified чуката (čukata) чуките (čukite)
definite proximal чукава (čukava) чукиве (čukive)
definite distal чукана (čukana) чукине (čukine)
vocative чуко (čuko) чуки (čuki)

Etymology 2

Verb

чука (čuka) third-singular presentimpf (perfective чукне)

  1. (transitive, frequentative) to knock, strike, beat
  2. (intransitive, frequentative) to throb, beat (e.g. heart)
Conjugation
Conjugation of чука (imperfective, present in )
l-participles imperfect aorist non-finite forms
masculine чукал (čukal) adjectival participle чукан (čukan)
feminine чукала (čukala) adverbial participle чукајќи (čukajḱi)
neuter чукало (čukalo) verbal noun чукање (čukanje)
plural чукале (čukale) perfect participle чукано (čukano)
finite forms present imperfect aorist imperative
1st singular чукам (čukam) чукав (čukav)
2nd singular чукаш (čukaš) чукаше (čukaše) чукај (čukaj)
3rd singular чука (čuka) чукаше (čukaše)
1st plural чукаме (čukame) чукавме (čukavme)
2nd plural чукате (čukate) чукавте (čukavte) чукајте (čukajte)
3rd plural чукаат (čukaat) чукаа (čukaa)
compound tenses
perfect сум чукал (sum čukal) present of сум (except in the 3rd person) +
imperfect l-participle
има-perfect имам чукано (imam čukano) present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect бев чукал (bev čukal) imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect имав чукано (imav čukano) imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported сум имал чукано (sum imal čukano) perfect of има + perfect participle
future ќе чукам (ḱe čukam) ќе + present
има-future ќе имам чукано (ḱe imam čukano) future of има + perfect participle
future in the past ќе чукав (ḱe čukav) ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past ќе имав чукано (ḱe imav čukano) future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported ќе сум чукал (ḱe sum čukal) ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported ќе сум имал чукано (ḱe sum imal čukano) future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional би чукал (bi čukal) би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional би имал чукано (bi imal čukano) conditional of има + perfect participle

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čuka, *čukъ. Compare Lithuanian čiùkaras (sharp rock), dialectal Bulgarian чука́ра (čukára) and dialectal Serbian чу̀кара (sharp rock). According to some others, the word is borrowed from pre-Slavic substratum due to the fact that it's absent in western Slavdom, the substratum language being possibly Albanian.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t͡ʃûka/
  • Hyphenation: чу‧ка

Noun

чу̏ка f (Latin spelling čȕka)

  1. (regional) hill or hillock on one side extremely steep, and the other milder sloped
  2. (regional) hilltop
Declension
Declension of чука
singular plural
nominative чу̏ка чуке
genitive чуке чу̑ка̄
dative чу̏ки чукама
accusative чуку чуке
vocative чуко чуке
locative чу̏ки чукама
instrumental чуком чукама

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t͡ʃûka/
  • Hyphenation: чу‧ка

Noun

чу̏ка f (Latin spelling čȕka)

  1. (slang, regional) clock, watch
  2. (slang, regional) hour
  3. (slang, regional) heart, ticker
Declension
Declension of чука
singular plural
nominative чу̏ка чуке
genitive чуке чу̑ка̄
dative чу̏ки чукама
accusative чуку чуке
vocative чуко чуке
locative чу̏ки чукама
instrumental чуком чукама

References

  • чука”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
  • Skok, Petar (1971) “чука”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 340
  • Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “*чука”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 285