աշխարհ

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Armenian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Armenian աշխարհ (ašxarh).

Pronunciation

Noun

աշխարհ (ašxarh)

  1. world, universe
    Synonym: (dialectal) դունյա (dunya)
    Աշխարհի ամենամեծ երկիրը Ռուսաստանն է։Ašxarhi amenamec erkirə Ṙusastann ē.The largest country in the world is Russia.
  2. (archaic) land, country, region, province
    Վասպուրական աշխարհVaspurakan ašxarhthe land of Vaspurakan
  3. (video games) level, stage
    Մարիոյի երրորդ աշխարհն եմ հասել։Marioyi errord ašxarhn em hasel.I'm at level 3 playing Mario.

Usage notes

The final (-h) is not pronounced.

Declension

Derived terms

References

  • Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009) Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian (London Oriental and African Language Library; 14), Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 28

Old Armenian

Alternative forms

Etymology

With metathesis from Middle Iranian, from Proto-Iranian *xšaθra- (power, authority, dominance). Compare Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (x-š-ç-m /⁠xšaça-⁠/, kingdom, realm), Persian شهر (šahr), Parthian 𐭇𐭔𐭕𐭓 (ḥštr /⁠xšahr⁠/).

Noun

աշխարհ (ašxarh)

  1. land, country, region
    Հայաստան աշխարհHayastan ašxarhArmenia
    • 5th century, Agatʻangełos, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ 127:[1]
      քաջութիւն հասցէ ձեզ ի քաջէն Վահագնէ ամենայն Հայոց աշխարհիս
      kʻaǰutʻiwn hascʻē jez i kʻaǰēn Vahagnē amenayn Hayocʻ ašxarhis
      • Translation by R. W. Thomson
        may there be valor from valiant Vahagn to you and all our land of Armenia
  2. world, universe
    փոքր աշխարհpʻokʻr ašxarhmicrocosm
    հանդերձեալ աշխարհhanderjeal ašxarhthe other world, future life
    ընդ ամենայն աշխարհənd amenayn ašxarhthrough all the world
    աշխարհ ամենայնašxarh amenaynall the world or people, every body
    ըստ աշխարհ հանելəst ašxarh hanelto expatriate, to exile
    ելանել, փոխիլ յաշխարհէelanel, pʻoxil yašxarhēgo in the other world
    գալ յաշխարհgal yašxarhto be born, to come into the world
    յաչս աշխարհիyačʻs ašxarhiin the eyes of the world
    թողուլ զաշխարհtʻołul zašxarhto leave the world

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Armenian: աշխարհ (ašxarh)

References

  1. ^ Thomson, R. W. (1976) Agathangelos, History of the Armenians, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pages 138–139

Further reading

  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “աշխարհ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “աշխարհ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “աշխարհ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  • Perixanjan, A. G. (1993) Материалы к этимологическому словарю древнеармянского языка. Часть I [Materials for the Etymological Dictionary of the Old Armenian Language. Part 1]‎ (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 16