Likely borrowed from a Middle Iranian descendant of Proto-Iranian *gr̥šáti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers-.[1] An inheritance from the same would have yielded *ձառ- (*jaṙ-) (see ձառ (jaṙ)), hence we are dealing with a borrowing. The Iranian is attested in the meaning "to be glad, happy", but it must have had other, more suitable meanings: compare the cognates Sanskrit हर्षति (harṣati, “to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid”), Bangāṇī gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ (“to feel sheer terror, be terrified”), gɔ̀rsiṇɔ (“to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)”), Deogārī gɔrsiɔṇɔ (“to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)”).[2]
գարշիմ • (garšim)
| infinitive | գարշել, գարշիլ* (garšel, garšil*) | participle | գարշեցեալ, գարշեալ (garšecʻeal, garšeal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | գարշեցուցանեմ (garšecʻucʻanem) | aorist stem | գարշեց- (garšecʻ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | գարշիմ (garšim) | գարշիս (garšis) | գարշի (garši) | գարշիմք (garšimkʻ) | գարշիք (garšikʻ) | գարշին (garšin) | |
| imperfect | գարշէի (garšēi) | գարշէիր (garšēir) | գարշէր, գարշիւր (garšēr, garšiwr) | գարշէաք (garšēakʻ) | գարշէիք (garšēikʻ) | գարշէին (garšēin) | |
| aorist | գարշեցայ (garšecʻay) | գարշեցար (garšecʻar) | գարշեցաւ (garšecʻaw) | գարշեցաք (garšecʻakʻ) | գարշեցայք (garšecʻaykʻ) | գարշեցան (garšecʻan) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | գարշիցիմ (garšicʻim) | գարշիցիս (garšicʻis) | գարշիցի (garšicʻi) | գարշիցիմք (garšicʻimkʻ) | գարշիցիք (garšicʻikʻ) | գարշիցին (garšicʻin) | |
| aorist | գարշեցայց (garšecʻaycʻ) | գարշեսցիս (garšescʻis) | գարշեսցի (garšescʻi) | գարշեսցուք (garšescʻukʻ) | գարշեսջիք (garšesǰikʻ) | գարշեսցին (garšescʻin) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | գարշեա՛ց (garšeácʻ) | — | — | գարշեցարո՛ւք (garšecʻarúkʻ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | գարշեսջի՛ր (garšesǰír) | — | — | գարշեսջի՛ք (garšesǰíkʻ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ գարշիր (mí garšir) | — | — | մի՛ գարշիք (mí garšikʻ) | — | |
| *post-classical | |||||||