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Martirosyan interprets as “the sign of the Sky/Thunder-god”, assimilated from *տիածան(*tiacan) or *ճիածան(*čiacan), from Proto-Armenian*Tiw(“Sky-god, Thunder-god”) (see տիւ(tiw)) + -ա-(-a-) + *ծան-(*can-, “sign, omen”) (see ճանաչեմ(čanačʻem)). Developing this suggestion, Petrosyan identifies the second element with ածան-իմ(acan-im, “to encircle, tie a girdle”), ած-եմ(ac-em, “to bring, lead; to tie (a girdle)”), explaining the formation as "the belt of Sky God".
Եւ տեսի այլ հրեշտակ զօրաւոր՝ զի իջանէր յերկնից՝ եւ զգեցեալ էր ա՛մպ, եւ ծիածա՛ն ի գլուխ նորա․ եւ երեսք նորա իբրեւ զարեգակն, եւ ոտք նորա որպէս սի՛ւն հրոյ:
Ew tesi ayl hreštak zōrawor, zi iǰanēr yerknicʻ, ew zgecʻeal ēr ámp, ew ciacán i glux nora; ew ereskʻ nora ibrew zaregakn, ew otkʻ nora orpēs síwn hroy:
Translation by King James Version
And I saw another mighty angel come down from heaven, clothed with a cloud: and a rainbow upon his head, and his face as it were the sun, and his feet as pillars of fire.
A column of light descended like a rainbow from heaven, surrounding and enveloping the bodies of the martyrs.
5th century, Eusebius of Emesa, Meknutʿiwnkʿ utʿamatean grocʿ Astuacašnčʿin :
Ա՛յլ ինչ ասէ․ ոչ եղիցի այդու նշան՝ եթէ փարատումն անձրեւի ծիածանաւդ լինիցի, նա եւ ոչ ուխտն այն այնպէս հաստատուն կայցէ․ քանզի եւ զքսան աւր բազում անգամ չերեւի ծիածանն՝ վասն անձրեւին յաճախութեան։
Áyl inčʻ asē; očʻ ełicʻi aydu nšan, etʻē pʻaratumn anjrewi ciacanawd linicʻi, na ew očʻ uxtn ayn aynpēs hastatun kaycʻē; kʻanzi ew zkʻsan awr bazum angam čʻerewi ciacann, vasn anjrewin yačaxutʻean.
և խոստացեալ պատարագընկալին՝ ոչ ևս զնոյն հատուցանել երկրի ուխտ յաւիտենական հաստատեալ՝ զաղեղն իմ եդից յամպս, որ է ծիածանդ, զոր ոմանք հուր մեկնեալ յամպոյ ասացին, և որդիք տարրապաշտիցն՝ գօտի Արամազդայ։
ew xostacʻeal pataragənkalin, očʻ ews znoyn hatucʻanel erkri uxt yawitenakan hastateal, załełn im edicʻ yamps, or ē ciacand, zor omankʻ hur mekneal yampoy asacʻin, ew ordikʻ tarrapašticʻn, gōti Aramazday.
Translation by Robert W. Thomson
He who received the offerings promised no more to inflict that same punishment on men and established an eternal covenant: “I shall place my arc in the clouds,” which is the rainbow. Some say that it is fire emerging from cloud, and those who worship the elements (say it is) the belt of Aramazd.
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 339
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2019) “Traces of Indo-European ‘Father Sky, God’ in Armenian”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, pages 201–203
^ Petrosyan, Armen (2010) “Ciacanə hayocʻ patkeracʻumnerum. hamematakan kʻnnutʻyun [Rainbow in Armenian Tradition. Comparative Analysis]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal] (in Armenian), number 3, pages 198–219
^ Zōhrapean, Yovhannēs, editor (1805), Astuacašunčʻ matean Hin ew Nor Ktakaranacʻ [Bible: Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments], volume IV, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 567
^ Łazar Pʻarpecʻi (1904) G. Tēr-Mkrtčʻean and St. Malxasean, editors, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ ew tʻułtʻ aṙ Vahan Mamikonean [History of Armenia and Letter to Vahan Mamikonian] (Patmagirkʻ hayocʻ; I.4), Tiflis: Aragatip Mnacʻakan Martiroseancʻi, page 102
^ Thomson, Robert W. (1991) The History of Łazar Pʿarpecʿi (Columbia University Program in Armenian Studies. Suren D. Fesjian Academic Publications; 4), Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press, page 152
^ Awgereancʻ, Mkrtičʻ (1826) Pʻiloni Ebrayecʻwoy mnacʻordkʻ i hays, or en Meknutʻiwn Cnndocʻ ew Elicʻ, Čaṙkʻ i Sampʻson, i Yovnan, ew yeris mankuns kam i hreštaks [Philonis Judaei paralipomena armena. Libri videlicet quatuor in Genesin, libri duo in Exodum, sermo unus de Sampsone, alter de Iona, tertius de tribus angelis Abraamo apparentibus], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 148a
^ Tʻovma Arcruni ew Ananun (2006) M. H. Darbinyan-Melikʻyan, editor, Patmutʻiwn Tann Arcruneacʻ [History of the House of Artsrunik], Yerevan: Magaghat, critical text with introduction and commentary, page 25
^ Thomson, Robert W. (1985) Thomas Artsruni, History of the House of the Artsrunik‘: translation and commentary (Byzantine texts in translation), Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press, page 81
Further reading
Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “ծիածան”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 454b
Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ծիածան”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 943
Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ծիածան”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
