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Arches of Sanahin Monastery in Armenia (10th century)
Etymology
From Iranian: compare Middle Persian𐭪𐭬𐭫𐭩(kmly/kamar/, “girdle”), Manichaean Middle Persian𐫞𐫖𐫡(qmr/kamar/, “vault”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European*kh₂em-. The sense "arch, vault" is sometimes separated and derived from Ancient Greekκαμάρα(kamára), but this is unnecessary, as the sense "vault" is attested within Iranian, the Greek itself is borrowed from Iranian, the final -α(-a) is not reflected in Armenian, and the word is too old to be a Greek borrowing.
Եւ այս օրինակ պատմուճանացն զոր առնիցեն․ զպճղնաւորն եւ զվակաս զուսովք եւ զլանջօք, եւ զպատմուճանն բեհեզեայ եւ խոյր եւ կամար․ եւ արասցեն պատմուճան սուրբ Ահարոնի եղբօր քում եւ որդւոց նորա՝ քահանայանալ ինձ։
Ew ays ōrinak patmučanacʻn zor aṙnicʻen; zpčłnaworn ew zvakas zusovkʻ ew zlanǰōkʻ, ew zpatmučann behezeay ew xoyr ew kamar; ew arascʻen patmučan surb Aharoni ełbōr kʻum ew ordwocʻ nora, kʻahanayanal inj.
Translation by Brenton Septuagint Translation
And these are the garments which they shall make: the breast-plate, and the shoulder-piece, and the full-length robe, and the tunic with a fringe, and the tire, and the girdle; and they shall make holy garments for Aaron and his sons to minister to me as priests.
Վասն որոյ և կայսր ոչ եթէ փոքր ինչ քան թէ մեծամեծս նմա ընձեռէր պարգեւս եւ պատիւս գեղեցիկ զինուց և զարդուց և ոսկէհուռ հանդերձ զգեստուց, և ըմպակս և բաժակս, և կամարս ականակապս ի համակ ոսկւոյ
Vasn oroy ew kaysr očʻ etʻē pʻokʻr inčʻ kʻan tʻē mecamecs nma ənjeṙēr pargews ew patiws gełecʻik zinucʻ ew zarducʻ ew oskēhuṙ handerj zgestucʻ, ew əmpaks ew bažaks, ew kamars akanakaps i hamak oskwoy[…]
Translation by Rev. Krikor H. Maksoudian
In return, the Emperor gave to him an exceedingly great many number of gifts, namely, beautiful weapons, ornaments, robes wrought with gold, goblets, and cups, and girdles of pure gold studded with gems.
Եւ պատուհանք նորա եւ կամարք եւ արմաւենիք ըստ դրանն որ հայէր ընդ արեւելս․ եւ ընդ եւթն սանդուղս ելանէին ի նա, եւ էր կամարակապ ի ներքոյ։
Ew patuhankʻ nora ew kamarkʻ ew armawenikʻ əst drann or hayēr ənd arewels; ew ənd ewtʻn sandułs elanēin i na, ew ēr kamarakap i nerkʻoy.
Translation by King James Bible
And their windows, and their arches, and their palm trees, after the measure of the gate that looketh toward the east; and they went up unto it by seven steps; and the arches thereof before them.
^ Ioane Drasxanaḳerṭeli (1965) E. Cagareišvili, editor, Somxetis isṭoria (786—925 c̣c̣.) [History of Armenia (786–925)] (Ucxouri c̣q̇aroebi sakartvelos šesaxeb; 13), semi-critical edition of chapters XXIV–LXVII of the Old Armenian text, with a Georgian translation, Tbilisi: Academy Press, page 61
^ Yovhannēs Drasxanakertc‘i (1987) Rev. Krikor H. Maksoudian, transl., History of Armenia (Occasional Papers and Proceedings; 3), Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press, page 138
^ Cowe, S. Peter (2019) “The object of Ałtʿamarʿci’s affections”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, page 73
Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “կամար”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 501–502
Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “կամար”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 164
Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “կամար”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press
Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 886
Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “կամար”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
