ճփնի

Armenian

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Middle Armenian ճփնի (čpʻni). Doublet of ծիֆին (cifin).

Pronunciation

(Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃəpʰˈni/,
(Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒəpˈni/,

Noun

ճփնի • (čpʻni)

oleander, Nerium oleander
Synonym: դափնեվարդ (dapʻnevard)

Declension

u-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
	singular	plural
nominative	ճփնի (čpʻni)	ճփնիներ (čpʻniner)
dative	ճփնու (čpʻnu)	ճփնիների (čpʻnineri)
ablative	ճփնուց (čpʻnucʻ)	ճփնիներից (čpʻninericʻ)
instrumental	ճփնով, ճփնիով (čpʻnov, čpʻniov)	ճփնիներով (čpʻninerov)
locative	ճփնում, ճփնիում (čpʻnum, čpʻnium)	ճփնիներում (čpʻninerum)
	definite forms
nominative	ճփնին (čpʻnin)	ճփնիները/ճփնիներն (čpʻninerə/čpʻninern)
dative	ճփնուն (čpʻnun)	ճփնիներին (čpʻninerin)
	1^st person possessive forms (my)
nominative	ճփնիս (čpʻnis)	ճփնիներս (čpʻniners)
dative	ճփնուս (čpʻnus)	ճփնիներիս (čpʻnineris)
ablative	ճփնուցս (čpʻnucʻs)	ճփնիներիցս (čpʻninericʻs)
instrumental	ճփնովս, ճփնիովս (čpʻnovs, čpʻniovs)	ճփնիներովս (čpʻninerovs)
locative	ճփնումս, ճփնիումս (čpʻnums, čpʻniums)	ճփնիներումս (čpʻninerums)
	2^nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative	ճփնիդ (čpʻnid)	ճփնիներդ (čpʻninerd)
dative	ճփնուդ (čpʻnud)	ճփնիներիդ (čpʻninerid)
ablative	ճփնուցդ (čpʻnucʻd)	ճփնիներիցդ (čpʻninericʻd)
instrumental	ճփնովդ, ճփնիովդ (čpʻnovd, čpʻniovd)	ճփնիներովդ (čpʻninerovd)
locative	ճփնումդ, ճփնիումդ (čpʻnumd, čpʻniumd)	ճփնիներումդ (čpʻninerumd)

References

Ġazaryan, Ṙuben (1981) “դափնեվարդ”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran [Armenian–Latin–Russian–English–French–German Dictionary of Plant Names], Yerevan: University Press, § 264, page 25a

Middle Armenian

Alternative forms

ճֆնի (čfni), ճըֆն (čəfn), ճըփն (čəpʻn), ջիֆնի (ǰifni)

Etymology

Probably from an unattested sense of Arabic جَفْن (jafn), جِفْن (jifn, “vine, grapevine”) +‎ -ի (-i, botanical suffix). For the broader meaning of the Arabic term see the Theological dictionary of the Old Testament.

Noun

ճփնի • (čpʻni)

oleander, Nerium oleander
Synonyms: տֆլայ (tflay), խարզահրայ (xarzahray)
- 6th–12th? centuries, Baṙkʻ Gałianosi :^[1]
  բաբունաճ = ճփնոյ ծաղիկ
  babunač = čpʻnoy całik
  بَابُونَج (bābūnaj) = flower of čpʻni
- 12th century, Nersēs Šnorhali, Riddles :^[2]
  ՃԸՓՆ...
  Ծառ մի կայ շատ ու անպիտան
  ՚Ւ երբ ծաղկի՝ խիստ անկածան,
  Վա՜յ թէ մեղուք յինք փթեցան,
  Շատ բոզերո յայտ քեզ նշան։
  ČƏPʻN...
  Caṙ mi kay šat u anpitan
  ’W erb caġki, xist ankacan,
  Va^!y tʻē meġukʻ yinkʻ pʻtʻecʻan,
  Šat bozero yayt kʻez nšan.
- 13th century, Girkʻ Vastakocʻ 106:^[3]
  Եւ թէ ուզես, արա ի մէջ տանն փոս մի, եւ ծեծեա զճփնոյն (var. զճփոյն) տերեւն եւ ի փոսոյն մէջն լից․ նա ինչ լու կենայ՝ ամէնքն անդր ժողովին։
  Ew tʻē uzes, ara i mēǰ tann pʻos mi, ew cecea zčpʻnoyn (var. zčpʻoyn) terewn ew i pʻosoyn mēǰn licʻ; na inčʻ lu kenay, amēnkʻn andr žoġovin.
- 13th century, Girkʻ Vastakocʻ 110:^[4]
  Բայց Պօլօնացիք զայս փորձեալ են, որք առին զցախն ճփնւոյն (var. ճըփնոյն) դալար, եւ այնու խծկեցին զծակադրունսն, նա մկունքն անճարացան, եւ զայն կերեալ սատակեցան:
  Baycʻ Pōlōnacʻikʻ zays pʻorjeal en, orkʻ aṙin zcʻaxn čpʻnwoyn (var. čəpʻnoyn) dalar, ew aynu xckecʻin zcakadrunsn, na mkunkʻn ančaracʻan, ew zayn kereal satakecʻan:
- 13th century, Girkʻ Vastakocʻ 290:^[5]
  Եւ հատո ի սահմանացն զօշինդրն, զճֆնին, եւ զխիարուկն, եւ զլեղեհամ ծաղիկն․ եւ խանձուած դեղն ամենեւին վատ է:
  Ew hato i sahmanacʻn zōšindrn, zčfnin, ew zxiarukn, ew zleġeham caġikn; ew xanjuac deġn amenewin vat ē:
- 13th century, Girkʻ Vastakocʻ 327:^[6]
  եւ խառնեա ափ մի սպիտակ կասլայի պտուղ հարիւր հատ, չոր թուզ՝ նուկի եւ կէս, եւ ճփնւոյն տերեւ երկու երեք, եւ անապակ կիր ափ մի
  […] ew xaṙnea apʻ mi spitak kaslayi ptuġ hariwr hat, čʻor tʻuz, nuki ew kēs, ew čpʻnwoyn terew erku erekʻ, ew anapak kir apʻ mi […]
- 13th century, Faraj the Syrian, Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy Table of chapters:^[7]
  Վասն որ ճըֆն լինի կերել եւ ահոկէ իր
  Vasn or čəfn lini kerel ew ahokē ir
  On having eaten oleander and its harm
- 13th century, Faraj the Syrian, Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy 138, (Chapter heading):^[8]
  Յաղագս, որ ճֆնի լինի կերել
  Yaġags, or čfni lini kerel
  On having eaten oleander
- 13th century, Faraj the Syrian, Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy 169:^[9]
  Եւ ծառայէ այս դեղովս․ առ սինապ, դեղին ծծում, աֆիոն, ճֆնոյ տակ, լեսէ եւ մաղէ․ եւ ծառայէ զէդ խոց մի այլ։
  Ew caṙayē ays deġovs; aṙ sinap, deġin ccum, afion, čfnoy tak, lesē ew maġē; ew caṙayē zēd xocʻ mi ayl.
- 1438, Hovhannes hekʻimi bžskaran :^[10]
  Ճփնի․ արապկ. տֆլէ․ ի լադինն՝ մէնանտէր
  Čpʻni; arapk. tflē; i ladinn, mēnantēr […]
  Oleander = In Arabic دِفْلَى (diflā), in Latin oleander (?)
- 1478 – 1492, Amirdovlatʻ Amasiacʻi, Angitacʻ anpēt :^[11]^[12]
  Տիֆլայ· որ է ճֆնին․ յիշած է ի վերայ ճէին:
  Tiflay· or ē čfnin; yišac ē i veray čēin:
  Tiflay = Is the oleander. It is mentioned under Č.
- 1614 – 1622, Asar Sebastacʻi, Girkʻ bžškakan arhesti :^[13]
  Դիֆլէ, որ է մէշում ուռին, որ է ճփնին, որ է ճֆնին։
  Diflē, or ē mēšum uṙin, or ē čpʻnin, or ē čfnin.
- 1614 – 1622, Asar Sebastacʻi, Girkʻ bžškakan arhesti :^[14]
  Նզրուվարդ, որ է ճփնին։
  Nzruvard, or ē čpʻnin.

Usage notes

Based on the attestation in Galen, some sources identify ճփնի (čpʻni) with camomile.^[15]^[16]^[17]

Descendants

Armenian: ճփնի (čpʻni) (learned), ջթնա (ǰtʻna) (Kessab),^[18] ջինի (ǰini) (Hamshen)^[19]
→ Pontic Greek: τσιφίνι (tsifíni), τσιφίν (tsifín), ζιφίν (zifín)
- → Armenian: ծիֆին (cifin), ծիփին (cipʻin), ծեփիկ (cepʻik)
- → Turkish: zifin, zifina, sifin, cifin, çıfın, çifin, ç'ifin (possibly partially directly from Armenian)

References

^ Greppin, John A. C. (1985) Baṙkʿ Gaɫianosi: The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen‎, Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, page 151, incorrectly reading the Arabic as բարունաճ (barunač) and unable to identify it
^ Mnacʻakanyan, A. Š. (1980) Hay miǰnadaryan hanelukner (V—XVIII dd.) [Medieval Armenian Riddles (5–18th Centuries)] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 309
^ Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 79
^ Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 81
^ Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 191
^ Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 223
^ Čʻugaszyan, B. L. (1980) Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy (ŽG dar) [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden (13th century)]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 41
^ Čʻugaszyan, B. L. (1980) Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy (ŽG dar) [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden (13th century)]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 151
^ Čʻugaszyan, B. L. (1980) Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy (ŽG dar) [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden (13th century)]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 159
^ Karst, Joseph (1904) “Das trilingue Medizinalglossar aus Ms. 310 der Wiener Mechitaristen-Bibliothek”, in Zeitschrift für Armenische Philologie, volume II, Marburg (Hessen): N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, pages 127, 142
^ Basmaǰean, K. Y., editor (1926), Amirtovlatʻi Amasiacʻwoy angitacʻ anpēt [Useless for Ignoramuses of Amirdovlatʿ Amasiacʿi]‎, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, § 3438, page 571
^ Vardanjan, Stella (1990) Амирдовлат Амасиаци, Ненужное для неучей (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, § 3075, pages 460, 782
^ Asar Sebastacʻi (1993) Girkʻ bžškakan arhesti (XVI—XVII dd.) [Book of Medical Art (16–17th cc.)]‎, preparation of the text, preface and dictionary by D. M. Karapetyan, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 241
^ Asar Sebastacʻi (1993) Girkʻ bžškakan arhesti (XVI—XVII dd.) [Book of Medical Art (16–17th cc.)]‎, preparation of the text, preface and dictionary by D. M. Karapetyan, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 253
^ Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “ճփնի”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 187a
^ Kʻaǰuni, Manuēl (1893) “ճփնի”, in Baṙgirkʻ aruesticʻ ew gitutʻeancʻ ew gełecʻik dprutʻeancʻ. Hamaṙōt baṙgirkʻ gitutʻeancʻ ew aruesticʻ ew gełecʻik dprutʻeancʻ hayerēn-gałłieren [Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and Belles Lettres. Concise Armenian–French Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and Belles Lettres], volume III (overall work in Old Armenian and French), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 154b
^ Béguinot, Augusto, Diratzouyan, Nersès (1912) Contributo alla flora dell' Armenia‎ (in Italian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 543
^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “ջթնա”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 175b
^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “ջինի”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 179b, a misprint for ջփնի (ǰpʻni)?

Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “ճփնի”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 217b
Adoncʻ, Nikoġayos (2006) Erker. hat. A., Patmagitakan usumnasirutʻyunner [Works. Volume I, Historical Studies]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: University Press, page 419, identifies with Georgian წიფელი (c̣ipeli, “beech”)
Palatecʻi, Gēorg Dpir (1877) “ճփնի”, in “Baṙkʻ Vastakocʻ grocʻ [A vocabulary to Geoponica]”, in Ġewond Ališan, editor, Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 252
Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “ճփնի”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 1915, page 407, also has the form ջիֆնի (ǰifni) on page 544, without attestation
Bănățeanu, Vlad (1961) “Observații în legătură cu termenii pentru arbuști în limba armeană [Notes on Armenian shrub terminology]”, in Studii și cercetări lingvistice‎ (in Romanian), volume 12, number 4, page 517 of 515–540
Botterweck, G. Johannes, Ringgren, Helmer, Fabry, Heinz-Josef (1974) Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, volume III, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, page 56
Čʻugaszyan, B. L. (1980) Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy (ŽG dar) [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden (13th century)]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 213–214
J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “ճփնի”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 498a
Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “ճփնի”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 480b, the alternative form ճփի (čpʻi) supposed by the spelling զճփոյն (zčpʻoyn) found in chapter 106 in the 1877 edition of the Geoponica is probably spurious; Ališan 1895 and Norayr quote the same passage with զճփնոյն (zčpʻnoyn)
Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “ճֆնի”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 481b
Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “ճըֆն”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 473a
Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “ճփնի”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎, edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 476

[1] Greppin, John A. C. (1985) Baṙkʿ Gaɫianosi: The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen‎, Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, page 151, incorrectly reading the Arabic as բարունաճ (barunač) and unable to identify it

[2] Mnacʻakanyan, A. Š. (1980) Hay miǰnadaryan hanelukner (V—XVIII dd.) [Medieval Armenian Riddles (5–18th Centuries)] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 309

[3] Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 79

[4] Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 81

[5] Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 191

[6] Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 223

[7] Čʻugaszyan, B. L. (1980) Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy (ŽG dar) [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden (13th century)]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 41

[8] Čʻugaszyan, B. L. (1980) Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy (ŽG dar) [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden (13th century)]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 151

[9] Čʻugaszyan, B. L. (1980) Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy (ŽG dar) [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden (13th century)]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 159

[10] Karst, Joseph (1904) “Das trilingue Medizinalglossar aus Ms. 310 der Wiener Mechitaristen-Bibliothek”, in Zeitschrift für Armenische Philologie, volume II, Marburg (Hessen): N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, pages 127, 142

[11] Basmaǰean, K. Y., editor (1926), Amirtovlatʻi Amasiacʻwoy angitacʻ anpēt [Useless for Ignoramuses of Amirdovlatʿ Amasiacʿi]‎, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, § 3438, page 571

[12] Vardanjan, Stella (1990) Амирдовлат Амасиаци, Ненужное для неучей (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, § 3075, pages 460, 782

[13] Asar Sebastacʻi (1993) Girkʻ bžškakan arhesti (XVI—XVII dd.) [Book of Medical Art (16–17th cc.)]‎, preparation of the text, preface and dictionary by D. M. Karapetyan, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 241

[14] Asar Sebastacʻi (1993) Girkʻ bžškakan arhesti (XVI—XVII dd.) [Book of Medical Art (16–17th cc.)]‎, preparation of the text, preface and dictionary by D. M. Karapetyan, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 253

[15] Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “ճփնի”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 187a

[16] Kʻaǰuni, Manuēl (1893) “ճփնի”, in Baṙgirkʻ aruesticʻ ew gitutʻeancʻ ew gełecʻik dprutʻeancʻ. Hamaṙōt baṙgirkʻ gitutʻeancʻ ew aruesticʻ ew gełecʻik dprutʻeancʻ hayerēn-gałłieren [Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and Belles Lettres. Concise Armenian–French Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and Belles Lettres], volume III (overall work in Old Armenian and French), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 154b

[17] Béguinot, Augusto, Diratzouyan, Nersès (1912) Contributo alla flora dell' Armenia‎ (in Italian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 543

[18] Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “ջթնա”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 175b

[19] Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “ջինի”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 179b, a misprint for ջփնի (ǰpʻni)?

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ճփնի

Armenian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

References

Middle Armenian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

Usage notes

Descendants

References

Further reading

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia