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Old Armenian
Etymology
The origin is uncertain. Possibly related to Hittite (tarla-, “a type of bird”) and either borrowed from Anatolian or together with Hittite inherited from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter-, whence Proto-Germanic *sturkaz (“stork”).[1][2][3]
Noun
տառեղն • (taṙełn)
- stork (bird of the family Ciconiidae) or heron (bird of the family Ardeidae)
- Synonym: արագիլ (aragil)
6th century,
Dawitʻ Anyałtʻ,
Verlucʻutʻiwn neracutʻeann Porpʻiwri 28.15:
[4]- Առ այսորիկ ընդդիմաբանելով ասեմք, թէ եւ այլ կենդանիք են ծիծաղական, որպէս վիպէ Արիստոտէլ «Յաղագս կենդանեաց», յորոց մի է եւ տառեղն:
- Aṙ aysorik ənddimabanelov asemkʻ, tʻē ew ayl kendanikʻ en cicałakan, orpēs vipē Aristotēl “Yałags kendaneacʻ”, yorocʻ mi ē ew taṙełn:
- Translation by Gohar Muradyan
- Against this we say, contradicting them, that other animals too are capable of laughter, as Aristotle tells in the History of Animals one of which is the heron.
8th century,
Gregory of Nyssa,
Meknutʻiwn Ergocʻ ergoyn Sołomoni :
- Յորս որջանան թռչունք, որոց տառեղանն բոյն առաջնորդէ Որոց առաջնորդէ տառեղանն բոյն
- Yors orǰanan tʻṙčʻunkʻ, orocʻ taṙełann boyn aṙaǰnordē […] Orocʻ aṙaǰnordē taṙełann boyn
11th century,
Aristakēs Lastivertcʻi,
Patmutʻiwn 28:
- Բայց այժմ շէնք աւերակք եւ ամայիք եւ անմարդիք, եւ նոցա ոչ գոյ տեղի բնակութեան․ զի ո՞ւր տառեղունքն բոյն կառուցանեն, եւ ո՞ւր տկարք ի թռչնոց ի նոսա ապաւինին ըստ սաղմոսին ձայնի․ եւ կամ ո՛ւր ծիծառն զիւր վարանից բունիկն յարդարէ՝ աներկիւղ սնուցանելով զառ ի յինքենէ ծնեալսն։
- Baycʻ ayžm šēnkʻ awerakkʻ ew amayikʻ ew anmardikʻ, ew nocʻa očʻ goy tełi bnakutʻean; zi u?r taṙełunkʻn boyn kaṙucʻanen, ew u?r tkarkʻ i tʻṙčʻnocʻ i nosa apawinin əst sałmosin jayni; ew kam úr cicaṙn ziwr varanicʻ bunikn yardarē, anerkiwł snucʻanelov zaṙ i yinkʻenē cnealsn.
- Translation by Robert Bedrosian
- Presently the cultivated places are in ruins, desolate, depopulated, and lacking places of habitation. Where do the storks build their nests? Where may the weaker birds find refuge in them, as is said in the Psalms. Where does the swallow in agitation fashion a nest to fearlessly raise her chicks?
11th century,
Anania Sanahnecʻi :
- բնաբար ի բարս ունելով զարդարութիւն՝ տառեղն, որ զծերացեալ ծնօղն կերակրեն
- […] bnabar i bars unelov […] zardarutʻiwn, taṙełn, or zceracʻeal cnōłn kerakren
- Translation by John A. C. Greppin
- the stork, which nourishes his aged parent, is naturally behaving in an upright way
12–13th century,
Mxitʻar Goš,
Aṙakkʻ 122:
- Եւ եղեւ ի հանել նոցա ձագ, սողաց օձ առնուլ ի նոցանէ․ և տեսեալ տառեղան՝ եհար աատակեաց զօձն․ և շրջէր եւս շուրջ ի սահմանսն, միանգամայն աատակել զօձսն յաղագս փրկութեան նոցա։
- Ew eġew i hanel nocʻa jag, soġacʻ ōj aṙnul i nocʻanē; ew teseal taṙeġan, ehar aatakeacʻ zōjn; ew šrǰēr ews šurǰ i sahmansn, miangamayn aatakel zōjsn yaġags pʻrkutʻean nocʻa.
- Translation by Robert Bedrosian
- Now it happened that when had hatched chicks, a snake crept by to take from among them. When the stork saw this, it struck at and killed the snake; then it flew once around it borders simultaneously killing snakes, for the preservation .
Usage notes
In Dawitʻ Anyałtʻ and Gregory of Nyssa, translates Ancient Greek ἐρῳδιός (erōidiós, “heron”), but the other attestations point to the stork. It is possible ancient Armenians did not distinguish these birds. Note that the synonymous արագիլ (aragil) corresponds both to ἐρῳδιός (erōidiós, “heron”) and πελαργός (pelargós, “stork”).
Declension
Descendants
- → Armenian: տառեղ (taṙeġ) (learned)
References
- ^ Greppin, John A. C. (1978) Classical and Middle Armenian bird names: A linguistic, taxonomic, and mythological study, Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, pages 21–22
- ^ Greppin, John A. C. (1997) “Stork”, in Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors, Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 548
- ^ Simon, Zsolt (2013) “Die These der hethitisch-luwischen Lehnwörter im Armenischen: eine kritische Neubetrachtung”, in International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German), volume 10, number 2, page 116
- ^ Muradyan, Gohar (2014) David the Invincible, Commentary on Porphyry's Isagoge, Old Armenian Text with the Greek Original, an English Translation, Introduction and Notes (Commentaria in Aristotelem Armeniaca: Davidis Opera; 3), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 260–261, 460
Further reading
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “տառեղն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 377–388, unknown origin
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “տառեղն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 848a
- Petersson, Herbert (1920) Arische und armenische Studien (Lunds Universitets Årsskrift N.F. Avd. 1, Bd. 16. Nr. 3) (in German), Lund, Leipzig, pages 101–102, connecting with Proto-Germanic *tersaz (“penis”)
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “տառեղն”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 692a