אב

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See also: אָבֿ, אָב, and Appendix:Variations of "ab"

Aramaic

Etymology

From Akkadian 𒌚𒉈 (Abum).

Noun

אַב • (ʾaḇ) m

  1. absolute form of אַבָּא (ʾabbā)

Proper noun

אָב • (ʾāv) m

  1. August
  2. Av

Descendants

  • Classical Syriac: ܐܒ (ʾāv)
    • Arabic: آب (ʔāb)
  • Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܵܒ (ʾāb)
  • Turoyo: ܐܳܒ (ʾob)

References

  • “ˀb2”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 1

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
א־ב (ʾ-b)

From Proto-Semitic *ʔabw-. Doublet of אַבָּא (ába), which was borrowed from Aramaic. Cognate with Arabic أب.

Pronunciation

Noun

אָב • ('áv) m (plural indefinite אָבוֹת, singular construct אֲבִי־, feminine counterpart אֵם)

  1. father, male parent
    • 2016, March 31, nrg
      יו"ר מרצ גלאון אמרה בעקבות שיחתו של נתניהו עם אבי החייל היורה מחברון: […]
      Yo"R mérets gal'ón 'am'rá b'ik'vót sikható shel n'tanyáhu 'im 'aví hakhayál hayoré mekhevrón:
      Chairman of Meretz Gal-On said, following Netanyahu's conversation with the father of the shooting soldier from Hebron:
  2. ancestor, forefather
  3. progenitor
  4. originator
  5. prototype
Usage notes
  • In Modern Hebrew, the singular construct form אַב is also used.
Declension
Derived terms

Noun

אַב • (av)

  1. singular construct state form of אָב ('av)‎.

Etymology 2

From Akkadian 𒌚𒉈 (Abum).

Proper noun

אָב • ('áv) m

  1. (Judaism) Av (the eleventh month of the civil year and the fifth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Tammuz and before Elul)
    • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Ta'anit 4:6:
      חֲמִשָּׁה דְבָרִים אֵרְעוּ אֶת אֲבוֹתֵינוּ בְּשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר בְּתַמּוּז וַחֲמִשָּׁה בְּתִשְׁעָה בְאָב.
      Ḥamishá d'varím er'ú et avoténu b-shiv'a 'asár b-Tammúz, va-ḥamishá b-tish'á b-Av.
      Five things befell our ancestors on the seventeenth of Tammuz, and five things on the ninth of Av.
    • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Ta'anit 29a:
      אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר שִׁילַת מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרַב: כְּשֵׁם שֶׁמִּשֶּׁנִּכְנַס אָב מְמַעֲטִין בְּשִׂמְחָה — כָּךְ מִשֶּׁנִּכְנַס אֲדָר מַרְבִּין בְּשִׂמְחָה.
      Amár Rav Y'hudá b'reih d-rav Shmuél bar Shilat mi-shmeih d-Rav: k-shem she-mi-she-nikhnás Av m'ma'tín b-simḥá — kakh mi-she-nikhnás Adár marbín b-simḥá.
      Said R. Judah son of Rav Shmuel son of Sheilath, in the name of Rav: just as when Av comes one decreases rejoicing, so too when Adar comes one increases rejoicing.
Derived terms
Descendants
See also

Further reading

Etymology 3

Root
א־ב־ב (ʾ-b-b)

Related to Akkadian 𒄧 (inbum), Arabic أَبّ (ʔabb, “meadow”), Aramaic אִנְבָּא.

Pronunciation

Noun

אֵב • ('év) m (plural indefinite איבים / אִבִּים)

  1. swelling, spreading.
  2. the young shoots of a tree, opposed to the branches growing directly from the trunk.
    • Tanach, Song of Songs 6:11, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      אֶל־גִּנַּת אֱגוֹז יָרַדְתִּי לִרְאוֹת בְּאִבֵּי הַנָּחַל
      el-ginnát egóz yarádti lir.ot bəibbḗ hannáḥal
      I went down into the garden of nuts, to look at the green plants of the valley
  3. (in the plural) state of growth, development
Derived terms

Anagrams

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