מ־

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See also: מ, ם, ־ם, מ׳, and Appendix:Variations of "m"

Hebrew

Etymology

From מִן (min), by assimilation of the /n/ to the following consonant.

Pronunciation

Preposition

מִ־ • (mi-)

  1. From, of, from inside.
    1. Introducing a noun or other nominal.
      יצאתי מהחדר. ― yatzáti mehakhéder. ― I left the room.
      מתי מגיעה הטיסה מתל אביב? ― matái magi'á hatisá mitel-avív? ― When does the flight from Tel Aviv arrive?
    2. Introducing a prepositional phrase or other adverbial.
      הכרתי אותו מלפני הרבה שנים. ― hikárti otó milifnéi harbé shaním. ― I've known him since many years ago .
  2. Than, more than.
    הוא יותר גבוה ממנה. ― hu yotér gavóah miménah. ― He is taller than she is.
    הוא גבוה ממנה. ― hu gavóah miménah. ― He is taller than she is .
  3. (in negative) Without, without the existence or presence of.
  4. Because of, due to, for.
    רק מסיבה אחת הסכמתי: ביקשת. ― rak misibá akhát hiskámti: bikásht(a). ― For only one reason did I agree to: you asked.
  5. Used to construe various verbs.
    ביקשו ממך גם? ― bikshú mimkhá/mimékh gam? ― Did they ask you, too?
    כולם מפחדים ממנו. ― kulám m'fakh'dím miménu. ― Everyone is afraid of him/us.
    ניסינו למנוע מזה לקרות. ― nisínu limnóa mize likrót. ― We tried to prevent it from happening.
    שכחנו מההצגה. ― shakhákhnu mehahatzagá. ― We forgot about the play.

Usage notes

  • In writing with niqqud, the preposition מִ־ induces a dagesh khazak (gemination) in the following consonant, unless that consonant is a guttural one, and thus, does not accept dagesh (i.e. א, ה, ח, ע, or ר), in which case the preposition becomes מֵ־ (me-), except before חוט (khut, “thread”), חוץ (khutz, “outside”), היות (h'yot, “be”), where it remains מִ־. However, neither gemination nor the vowel change is ordinarily reflected in Modern Israeli Hebrew pronunciation.

Inflection

  • מִ־ shares its inflected forms with מִן (min).
Inflection table
Non-personal-pronoun-including form מִ־, מֵ־ (mi-, mēi-),
מִן (min)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms		 Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
First person מִמֶּנִּי (mimménni) מִמֶּנּוּ (mimménnu)1,
מאיתנו / מֵאִתָּנוּ (mēiʾitɔ́nu)
Second person מִמְּךָ (mimm'khá) מִמֵּךְ (mimmēkh) מִכֶּם (mikém),
מִמְּכֶם (mimm'khém)2		 מִכֶּן (mikén),
מִמְּכֶן (mimm'khén)2
Third person מִמֶּנּוּ (mimménnu)3,
הֵימֶּנּוּ (hēimménnu)4		 מִמֶּנָּה (mimménnɔ)
הֵימֶּנָּה (hēimménnɔ)4		 מֵהֶם (mēihém) מֵהֶן (mēihén)
Notes

1. מאיתנו / מֵאִתָּנוּ (mēiʾitɔ́nu) is preferred when there may be confusion with the (third-person singular complement).
2. The forms ממכם and ממכן are somewhat informal.
3. The pronunciation מִמֶּנּוֹ (miménno) is colloquial.
4. The forms הימנו and הימנה are Mishnaic.

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia