סרר

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Hebrew

Root
ס־ר־ר (s-r-r)
2 terms

Etymology

Related to the root ס־ו־ר (“turn aside, depart”), with both deriving from the biliteral root √s-r. In its present form the root is a result of the reduplication of the final radical and cognate with Akkadian 𒊓𒊏𒀀𒀸 (sarārum, “to be rebellious”) and Arabic شَرَّ (šarra, “to be evil”).

Pronunciation

Verb

סָרַר • (sarár) (pa'al construction)

  1. (Biblical Hebrew, intransitive) to be stubborn, disobedient
    • Tanach, Hosea 4:16, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      כִּי כְּפָרָה סֹרֵרָה סָרַר יִשְׂרָאֵל עַתָּה יִרְעֵם יְהֹוָה כְּכֶבֶשׂ בַּמֶּרְחָב׃
      For Israel is stubborn like a stubborn heifer; Now shall the LORD feed them as a lamb in a large place?
    • Tanach, Deuteronomy 21:20, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      וְאָמְרוּ אֶל־זִקְנֵי עִירוֹ בְּנֵנוּ זֶה סוֹרֵר וּמֹרֶה אֵינֶנּוּ שֹׁמֵעַ בְּקֹלֵנוּ זוֹלֵל וְסֹבֵא׃
      And they shall say unto the elders of his city: ‘This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he doth not hearken to our voice; he is a glutton, and a drunkard.’
    • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah. Sanhedrin, section 8.1:
      בֵּן סוֹרֵר וּמוֹרֶה, מֵאֵימָתַי נַעֲשֶׂה בֵן סוֹרֵר וּמוֹרֶה, מִשֶּׁיָּבִיא שְׁתֵּי שְׂעָרוֹת וְעַד שֶׁיַּקִּיף זָקָן, הַתַּחְתּוֹן וְלֹא הָעֶלְיוֹן, אֶלָּא שֶׁדִּבְּרוּ חֲכָמִים בְּלָשׁוֹן נְקִיָּה.
      From when does a stubborn and rebellious son become a stubborn and rebellious son? From when he grows two hairs until he has grown a beard around. The lower and not the upper , but the Sages spoke in euphemistic terms.
  2. to be evil (unused)

Notes

Properly used for disobedient beasts of burden; from that notion also extended for humans (Deuteronomy 21, Proverbs 7:11,...). Outside of Hosea 4:16 the verb can only be encountered as a participle.

Derived terms

References

Wikious
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