שמיר

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Hebrew

Root
שׁ־מ־ר (sh-m-r)

Etymology 1

Alteration of שֻׁמָּר (šummā́r, “fennel”)

Noun

שָׁמִיר • (shamír) m

  1. dill (Anethum graveolens (the type species of the genus Anethum), a herb, the seeds of which are moderately warming, pungent, and aromatic, formerly used as a soothing medicine for children; also known as dillseed)
    • Tanach, Isaiah 32:13, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      עַל אַדְמַת עַמִּי קוֹץ, שָׁמִיר תַּעֲלֶה; כִּי עַל־כָּל־בָּתֵי מָשׂוֹשׂ, קִרְיָה עַלִּיזָה.
      'al admát 'ammí qotz, shamír ta'lé; ki 'al-kol-batḗ masós, qiryá 'allizá.
      For the land of my people, whereon thorns and briers come up; Yea, for all the houses of joy, and the joyous city.

Etymology 2

Unknown, possibly in an unknown fashion extended from Akkadian 𒉌𒌓𒌑 (NA₄U2 /⁠šammu⁠/, “emery, corundum, adamant”), also present in Egyptian jsmr, smr if that really means “emery”, and in Ancient Greek σμύρῐς (smúris, “emery-powder”), loaned likely from a Semitic cognate of the Hebrew.

Noun

שָׁמִיר • (shamír) m

  1. (petrology) emery
    • Tanach, Ezekiel 3:9, with translation of the New American Standard Bible:
      כְּשָׁמִיר חָזָק מִצֹּר נָתַתִּי מִצְחֶךָ
      kəshamír ḥazáq mittzór natátti mitzḥécha
      Like emery harder than flint I have made your forehead
  2. (mythology) mythical stone, or possibly worm, that could cut through or disintegrate any substance it came in contact with, adamant
Descendants
  • → Aramaic:
    Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Literary Aramaic: שָׁמִירָא (šāmīrā)
    Classical Syriac: ܫܡܝܪܐ (šāmīrā)
  • → Old Church Slavonic: шамиръ (šamirŭ) (mythical bird mentioned in Barsov Palea)

References

  • “שמיר” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

Further reading

Yiddish

Etymology 1

Deverbal from שמירן (shmirn). Cognate to German Schmiere. Cognate with German schmieren, English smear.

Noun

שמיר • (shmir) m, plural שמירן (shmirn)

  1. batch of things that go together
  2. aggregate, smear, spread
  3. bribe
  4. schmear, the whole package, the entire deal
  • שמירן (shmirn, “to smear, grease; to bribe”)
Descendants

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

שמיר • (shmir)

  1. inflection of שמירן (shmirn):
    1. first-person singular present
    2. imperative singular
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