أزادرخت

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Arabic

أَزَادَرْخَت
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Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آزَاددَرَخْت (āzād-daraxt, literally “noble tree”), from آزَاد (āzād, “noble”) +‎ دَرَخْت (daraxt, “tree”).

Pronunciation

Noun

أَزَادَرْخَت • (ʔazādarḵat) m

  1. Azadirachta indica syn. Melia azedarach (called in English ambiguously chinaberry, white cedar, Persian lilac, and unambiguously syringa berry, bead tree and azedarach)
    • 1025, ابن سينا (Avicenna), القانون في الطب‎ [Canon Medicinae], Rome: Stamperia Orientale Medicea, published 1593, Liber 2, page 132:
      أزادذرخت
      شجرة الأزاذدرخت نعروفة لها ثمرة تشبه النبق
      The white cedar is well-known, its fruit being similar to that of the jujube.
    • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 14, page 617:
      شجرة الزعرور وشجرة الأزادرخت من ظروف متى عرض بهما شيء من أدواء الشجر التي تذبلها أو تنقص من صورتها فدواءهما إن تنبش من أصلهما وتحفر جولهما مقدار قدم وتصب فيه دم شاه مخلط بماء حار ويكون الماء أكثر من الدم تعمل بهما هكذا مرارا ثلاثة أو أكثر أو أقل على مقدار ما خرجت من حال الصحة فإنها تعيش وتقوى ويجود حملها إن شاء الله تعالى.
      If a medlar or white cedar is in circumstances when it is met by a plant disease wherein it wilts or its visual appearance has a defect, then the treatment of this is when you dig up its trunk and grave around a foot’s measure and pour sheep blood mixed with hot water into it, the water being more than the blood, and you do this so with the tree three times or more or less depending on how much the trees have left the state of health, and then the tree goes on to live again and be strong and its fruits good if God will.
    • a. 1283, Abū Yahyā Zakariyāʾ ibn Muhammad al-Qazwīnīy, edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, عجائب المخلوقات وغرائب الموجودات ‎, Göttingen: Verlag der Dieterichschen Buchhandlung, published 1849, page 249:
      أزاددرخت شجرة كبيرة معروفة تسمّى بطبرستان طاخل لها ثمرة تشبه النبق ورقها يقتل البهائم وعصارة ورقها يقتل القمل ويطيل الشعر عن الشيخ الرئيس، وقال غيره عصارته تنفع من السم إذا شرب بالعسل وكذلك تنفع من القولنج، ثمرتها قال الشيخ الرئيس ربّما قتلت وتحدث كرباً عظيمًا إذا أكلت.
      The bead tree is a large tree known in Ṭabaristān as ṭāḥl. It has a fruit similar to the Christ’s thorn jujube’s and its leaves kill cattle and its sap lice and it lengthens the hair in Šayḵ ar-Raʾīs, and another author says its sap helps against poison if drunk with honey and also against colic, again after Šayḵ ar-Raʾīs the fruit maybe kills but causes great grief if eaten.

Declension

Declension of noun أَزَادَرْخَت (ʔazādarḵat)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَزَادَرْخَت
ʔazādarḵat 		الْأَزَادَرْخَت
al-ʔazādarḵat 		أَزَادَرْخَت
ʔazādarḵat
Nominative أَزَادَرْخَتٌ
ʔazādarḵatun 		الْأَزَادَرْخَتُ
al-ʔazādarḵatu 		أَزَادَرْخَتُ
ʔazādarḵatu
Accusative أَزَادَرْخَتًا
ʔazādarḵatan 		الْأَزَادَرْخَتَ
al-ʔazādarḵata 		أَزَادَرْخَتَ
ʔazādarḵata
Genitive أَزَادَرْخَتٍ
ʔazādarḵatin 		الْأَزَادَرْخَتِ
al-ʔazādarḵati 		أَزَادَرْخَتِ
ʔazādarḵati

Descendants

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “أزادرخت”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 31
  • Jacob, Georg (1892) Studien in arabischen Geographen‎ (in German), volume 4, Berlin: Meyer & Müller, page 154
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “أزادرخت”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 19 and 21
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