ارتد

Compare رَدَّ (radda, “to return”).

اِرْتَدَّ • (irtadda) VIII (non-past يَرْتَدُّ (yartaddu), verbal noun اِرْتِدَاد (irtidād)) (intransitive)

1. to move back quickly or forcefully
   1. to bounce back; to recoil
2. (Islam, derogatory, of a convert) to revert ; to degenerate religiously; to regress; to backslide
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:217:

     وَلَا يَزَالُونَ يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ حَتَّى يَرُدُّوكُمْ عَنْ دِينِكُمْ إِنِ ٱسْتَطَاعُوا ۚ وَمَنْ يَرْتَدِدْ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ فَيَمُتْ وَهُوَ كَافِرٌ فَأُولَٰئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فِي ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱلْآخِرَةِ

     walā yazālūna yuqātilūnakum ḥattā yaruddūkum ʕan dīnikum ʔini staṭāʕū waman yartadid minkum ʕan dīnihī fayamut wahuwa kāfirun fa-ʔulāʔika ḥabiṭat ʔaʕmāluhum fī d-dunyā wal-ʔāḵirati

     And they will yet fight you, that they may pull you back from your religion if they can. And who reverts from his religion and dies a nonbeliever, his deeds shall come to naught, in this life and the last!

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 5:54:

     يَا أَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَن يَرْتَدَّ مِنْكُمْ عَن دِينِهِ فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِي ٱللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ يُحِبُّهُمْ وَيُحِبُّونَهُ

     yā ʔayyuhā llaḏīna ʔāmanū man yartadda minkum ʕan dīnihi fasawfa yaʔtī llāhu biqawmin yuḥibbuhum wayuḥibbūnahu

     O you who have believed! Whoever of you switches back from his religion, Allah shall bring another people whom He loves and who love Him .

   1. (Islam, derogatory) to turn, drift, shift, or fall away عَن (ʕan, “from”) Islam (especially openly or publicly), to leave or renounce Islam, to apostatize
3. (copulative) to become; to turn back

   Hypernyms: see Thesaurus:صار

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 12:96:

     فَلَمَّا أَن جَاءَ الْبَشِيرُ أَلْقَاهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَٱرْتَدَّ بَصِيرًا

     falammā ʔan jāʔa l-bašīru ʔalqāhu ʕalā wajhihi fartadda baṣīran

     And when the bringer of glad tidings came to him, he threw it on his face, and he turned sighted.

• اِرْتَدَّ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ (irtadda ʕalā ʕaqibayhi, idiom)
• اِرْتَدَّ عَلَى دُبُرِهِ (irtadda ʕalā duburihi, idiom)

• Lane, Edward William (1863) “ارتد”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ارتد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

اِرْتَدِ • (irtadi) (form VIII) /ir.ta.di/

1. second-person masculine singular imperative of اِرْتَدَى (irtadā)