اروند

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Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian (arvand).

Proper noun

اروند • (Ervend)

Tigris (a river in the Middle East)
Synonym: دجله (Dicle)
Elvend (a mountain in Iran, near Hamadan)

Further reading

Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اروند”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 70
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اروند”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 75

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian (ʾlwnd /⁠arwand⁠/, “swift, valiant; name of a river (literally "swift river"), perhaps the Tigris”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárwants (“fast, quick; a racehorse, courser”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ér-went-s, from *h₃er- (“to move (swiftly), to spring”). Cognate with Sanskrit अर्वन्त् (árvant), Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬧𐬙 (a^uruuaṇt).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key):

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key):
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key):
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key):

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key):

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key):

Readings
Classical reading^?	arwand
Dari reading^?	arwand
Iranian reading^?	arvand
Tajik reading^?	arvand

Noun

اروند • (arvand)

(obsolete) grandeur; pomp; magnificence
- c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Tale of Rustam and Isfandiyār”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]‎:
  بدین چوب شد روزگارم به سر
  ز سیمرغ وز رستم چاره‌گر
  فسونها و نیرنگها زال ساخت
  که اروند و بند جهان او شناخت
  bad-īn čōb šud rōzgār-am ba sar
  zi sēmurğ w-az rustam-i čāra-gar
  fusūn-hā u nayrang-hā zāl sāxt
  ki arwand u band-i jahān ō šināxt
  My days were cut short by this piece of wood,
  From the Simorgh and the wily Rustam.
  It was Zāl who had woven spells and charms,
  For he knew the grandeurs and the snares of the world.
  (Classical Persian romanization)

Proper noun

اروند • (arvand)

Short for (arvandrud, “the Shatt al-Arab River”).
(obsolete) Name of a river in Mesopotamia, traditionally but probably inaccurately identified with the Tigris.
(obsolete) Alternative form of (alvand, “the Alvand Mountains”)

References

^ M. Kasheff (December 15, 1987) “ARVAND-RŪD”, in Encyclopædia Iranica‎

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