باب

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See also: تأت, پاپ, بات, تاب, تأب, and باپ

Arabic

بَاب
Root
ب و ب (b w b)
5 terms

Etymology

    Usually considered a borrowing from Aramaic בָּבָא (bāḇā, “gate”), from Akkadian 𒆍 (bābum, “gate”), particularly since the Arabs, living in tents, did not need doors. However, Hans Bauer considers all of these words native, explaining the formation as an ancient univerbation of etyma equivalent to Arabic بَاءَ (bāʔa) بِ (bi) “he has entered into (the house)”.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /baːb/
    • Audio:(file)

    Noun

    بَاب • (bāb) m (plural أَبْوَاب (ʔabwāb) or بِيبَان (bībān))

    1. door, gate
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:58:
        وَادْخُلُوا الْبَابَ سُجَّدًا وَقُولُوا حِطَّةٌ
        wādḵulū al-bāba sujjadan waqūlū ḥiṭṭatun
        enter the gate with humility
    2. opening, gateway
    3. entrance
    4. gullet, weasand
      • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام , edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة , volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 33, Art. 10, page 677 line 6:
        وقد تخرج للدابة من حنكها ويسمي التحنيك وصفة العمل في ذلك إذا أحنكت الدابة فأفتح لها من الدرجة الثالثة والرابعة ولا تفتح لها قرب الباب لأن الدم ربما عسر إمساكه فتلف الدابة.
        One may extract the blood from the jaw of a beast and it is called taḥnīk and the operation consists in that you have bound the beast with a chinstrap and now cut it open to the third or fourth degree but don’t open it close the throat as it may be difficult to contain the blood and the beast will succumb.
    5. opportunity, a chance, opening
    6. military tactic, maneuver, an opening to use a strategy
    7. chapter, section, column
    8. group, class, category
    9. (astronomy) appearance of an astronomical body, a juncture, an opening to observe
    10. (figurative) domain, field

    Declension

    Declension of noun بَاب (bāb)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal بَاب
    bāb     		الْبَاب
    al-bāb     		بَاب
    bāb
    nominative بَابٌ
    bābun     		الْبَابُ
    al-bābu     		بَابُ
    bābu
    accusative بَابًا
    bāban     		الْبَابَ
    al-bāba     		بَابَ
    bāba
    genitive بَابٍ
    bābin     		الْبَابِ
    al-bābi     		بَابِ
    bābi
    dual indefinite definite construct
    informal بَابَيْن
    bābayn     		الْبَابَيْن
    al-bābayn     		بَابَيْ
    bābay
    nominative بَابَانِ
    bābāni     		الْبَابَانِ
    al-bābāni     		بَابَا
    bābā
    accusative بَابَيْنِ
    bābayni     		الْبَابَيْنِ
    al-bābayni     		بَابَيْ
    bābay
    genitive بَابَيْنِ
    bābayni     		الْبَابَيْنِ
    al-bābayni     		بَابَيْ
    bābay
    plural basic broken plural triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal أَبْوَاب‎; بِيبَان
    ʔabwāb‎; bībān     		الْأَبْوَاب‎; الْبِيبَان
    al-ʔabwāb‎; al-bībān     		أَبْوَاب‎; بِيبَان
    ʔabwāb‎; bībān
    nominative أَبْوَابٌ‎; بِيبَانٌ
    ʔabwābun‎; bībānun     		الْأَبْوَابُ‎; الْبِيبَانُ
    al-ʔabwābu‎; al-bībānu     		أَبْوَابُ‎; بِيبَانُ
    ʔabwābu‎; bībānu
    accusative أَبْوَابًا‎; بِيبَانًا
    ʔabwāban‎; bībānan     		الْأَبْوَابَ‎; الْبِيبَانَ
    al-ʔabwāba‎; al-bībāna     		أَبْوَابَ‎; بِيبَانَ
    ʔabwāba‎; bībāna
    genitive أَبْوَابٍ‎; بِيبَانٍ
    ʔabwābin‎; bībānin     		الْأَبْوَابِ‎; الْبِيبَانِ
    al-ʔabwābi‎; al-bībāni     		أَبْوَابِ‎; بِيبَانِ
    ʔabwābi‎; bībāni

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Maltese: bieb
    • → Middle Armenian: պապ (pap), բաբ (bab)
    • → Malay: bab
      • Indonesian: bab
    • → Persian: باب
    • → Ottoman Turkish: باب (bab)
    • → Turkmen: bap

    References

    • Bauer, Hans (1935) “Etymologica II”, in Zeitschrift für Semitistik und verwandte Gebiete‎ (in German), volume 10, page 165
    • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 14
    • Freytag, Georg (1830) “باب”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 170
    • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 74
    • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “باب”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 101
    • Wehr, Hans (1979) “باب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
    • Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 30

    Chadian Arabic

    Root
    ب و ب
    1 term

    Etymology

    From Arabic بَاب (bāb).

    Noun

    باب • (bāb) m (plural بيبان (bībān))

    1. door

    References

    • Heath, Judith, Mahadi, Mahamat Zene (2021) Lexique Arabe Tchadien-Français‎ (in French), 11th edition, N'Djamena, Chad: SIL Chad, page 24

    Egyptian Arabic

    Etymology

    From Arabic بَاب (bāb).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    باب • (bāb) m (plural بيبان (bibā́n))

    1. door

    Malay

    Adjective

    باب (plural باب-باب or باب٢)

    1. Jawi spelling of bab.‎‎

    Moroccan Arabic

    Etymology

    From Arabic بَاب (bāb).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    باب • (bāb) m or f (plural بيبان (bībān) or بواب (bwāb))

    1. door, gate

    Persian

    Pronunciation

     

    Readings
    Classical reading? bāḇ
    Dari reading? bāb
    Iranian reading? bâb
    Tajik reading? bob

    Etymology 1

    Adjective

    باب • (bāb / bâb)

    1. appropriate

    Etymology 2

      Etymology tree
      Akkadian bābumbor.
      Arabic بَاب (bāb)bor.
      Persian باب

      Borrowed from Arabic بَاب (bāb, “gate”).

      Noun

      Dari باب
      Iranian Persian
      Tajik боб

      باب • (bāb / bâb) (plural باب‌ها (bāb-hā / bâb-hâ))

      1. chapter (of a written work)
        Synonyms: فصل (fasl), فرگرد (fargard), چپتر (čapter)
      2. (archaic, original sense) door, gate
        Synonym: در (dar)
        • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی , volume I, verse 3763:
          چون تو بابی آن مدینه‌‌ی علم را
          چون شعاعی آفتاب حلم را
          čūn tū bābē ān madīna-yi ilm rā
          čūn šu'ā'ē āftāb-i hilm rā
          Since thou art the gate of the city of Knowledge,
          since thou art the beams of the sun of Clemency.

      Proper noun

      Dari باب
      Iranian Persian
      Tajik Боб

      باب • (bāb / bâb)

      1. Báb
      Derived terms

      Etymology 3

      Noun

      باب • (bāb / bâb)

      1. (archaic) father

      Etymology 4

      Borrowed from English Bob.

      Proper noun

      باب • (bāb / bâb)

      1. A transliteration of the English male given name diminutive Bob
        باب اسفنجی ― bâb esfanji ― SpongeBob
        باب دیلن ― bâb dilen ― Bob Dylan

      South Levantine Arabic

      Etymology

      From Arabic بَاب (bāb).

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      باب • (bāb) m (plural بواب (bwāb))

      1. door
      2. gate
        Synonym: بوابة (bawwābe)
      3. entrance
        Synonym: مدخل (madḵal)

      Sudanese Arabic

      Root
      ب و ب
      1 term

      Etymology

      From Arabic بَاب (bāb).

      Noun

      باب • (bāb) m (plural بيبان (bībān) or أبواب (ʔabwāb))

      1. door

      Descendants

      References

      • Hillelson, Sigmar (1925) Sudan Arabic: English–Arabic Vocabulary‎, London, United Kingdom: Sudan Government, page 87
      • The Catholic Language Institute Khartoum (C.L.I.K) (2008) Spoken Arabic of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan, page 241
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